Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of a High-Mn Austenitic Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) Steel Microalloyed with Ti
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Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of a High-Mn Austenitic Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) Steel Microalloyed with Ti V.H. Mercado, I. Mejía, A. Bedolla-Jacuinde Instituto de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio “U-5”, Ciudad Universitaria, 58066 Morelia, Michoacán, México. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT High-Mn austenitic twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steels are the object of intense worldwide scientific study due to the promising combination of strength and ductility of these alloys. Mechanical behavior of this family of new generation steels has been extensively studied recently. However, limited information regarding their tribological properties is available in the literature. The aim of this research work is to study the wear behavior of a high-Mn austenitic Fe–20Mn–1.5Si–1.5Al–0.4C TWIP steel microalloyed with Ti. The wear behavior was evaluated under dry sliding condition by the ‘‘pin-on-ring’’ method. For this purpose, solution-treated samples were worn for 10 km against a counterface disc made of hardened AISI M2 steel, under loads of 52, 103 and 154 N, and at speeds of 0.20, 0.60 and 0.86 m/s. The wear resistance was evaluated from the average wear rate. Wear debris and worn surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The Ti addition to TWIP steel slightly improved the wear resistance particularly at a speed of 0.86 m/s and at loads of 52 and 103 N. Results show that the wear resistance increases with increasing sliding speed. This is attributed to the formation of an oxide layer acting as a protective layer against wear, which suggests that the main wear mechanism for the studied TWIP steel under these conditions is oxidative. INTRODUCTION High-Mn austenitic TWIP steels are currently one of the most attractive metallic materials for structural applications in the automobile, high speed-train and building industries due to their unique combination of strength and elongation [1,2]. These steels can provide both high strength and large ductility because twins produce plastic deformation and, at the same time, twin boundaries act as an obstacle for the dislocations movement [2]. The occurrence of twinning strongly depends on the stacking fault energy, which in turn depends on the chemical composition and temperature [3]. Reyes-Calderón et al. [4] have reported that the presence of microalloying elements such as Ti in high-Mn TWIP steel has a direct effect on the hot deformation activation energy (QHW), which increases up to 16%. However, very little information is available in the literature concerning steels of the Fe-Mn-Al-Si system. The literature on the wear behavior of high-Mn austenitic steels was initially focused on the Hadfield steels, because this kind of steel has been widely used for railway switches and crossings for more than a century [5]. The good wear resistance of this kind of steel in the presence of impact loads is directly related to rapid work
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