Dust Mites
Conservatively, at least 100 million people are affected by house dust mite allergy worldwide, manifesting itself as asthma, rhinitis or atopic dermatitis. Despite the growing recognition of this major public health problem, and commitment of considerable
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dust
mites MATTHEW J. COLLOFF
© CSIRO 2009 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Colloff, Matthew, 1958– Dust mites / Matthew Colloff. 9780643065895 (hbk.) Includes index. Bibliography. House dust mites – Ecology. House dust mites – Control. 595.42 Published exclusively in Australia and New Zealand by CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Published exclusively throughout the world (excluding Australia and New Zealand), by Springer, with ISBN 978-90-481-2223-3. Springer Van Godewijckstraat 30 3311 GX Dordrecht The Netherlands Tel: +31 78 657 60 00 Fax: +31 78 657 65 55 Web site: www.springer.com Front cover: photograph by Matthew J. Colloff; background woodcut by August Hauptmann. Back cover: illustration by Antony van Leeuwenhoek. Set in 10/13 Minion Edited by Anne Findlay Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Planman Technologies Index by Russell Brooks Printed in Australia by Ligare The book has been printed on paper certified by the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Chain of Custody (PEFC). PEFC is committed to sustainable forest management through third party forest certification of responsibly managed forests. CSIRO PUBLISHING publishes and distributes scientific, technical and health science books, magazines and journals from Australia to a worldwide audience and conducts these activities autonomously from the research activities of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of, and should not be attributed to, the publisher or CSIRO.
Contents Acknowledgements ix Preface xi Introduction What are dust mites and why are they important? xiii
1
Identification and taxonomy, classification and phylogeny
Water balance 3.1
Introduction – water and survival 101
3.2
Water and water vapour
3.3
Water uptake versus loss, and the critical equilibrium activity 102
3.4
Water loss
1
101
What is the use of taxonomy?
1.2
How taxonomy works
3.5
Water uptake
1.3
Classification and taxonomy of domestic mites 8
3.6
Water balance and survival at low or fluctuating humidity 122
1.4
Biodiversity, phylogeny and evolution 13
3.7
Conclusions
1.5
Characters used in taxonomy and identification – external anatomy 20 Identification keys
1
101
1.1
1.6
2
3
3
4
108 116
123
Ecology
125
4.1 House dust and the genesis of a
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