Dynamic Properties of Human Default Mode Network in Eyes-Closed and Eyes-Open
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Dynamic Properties of Human Default Mode Network in Eyes-Closed and Eyes-Open Xiaojin Liu1,2,3,4 · Xiaoyan Wu1,2,3,4 · Miao Zhong1,2,3,4 · Huiyuan Huang1,2,3,4 · Yihe Weng1,2,3,4 · Meiqi Niu1,2,3,4 · Ling Zhao1,2,3,4 · Ruiwang Huang1,2,3,4 Received: 17 December 2019 / Accepted: 8 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The default mode network (DMN) reflects spontaneous activity in the resting human brain. Previous studies examined the difference in static functional connectivity (sFC) of the DMN between eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) using the restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. However, it remains unclear about the difference in dynamic FC (dFC) of the DMN between EC and EO. To this end, we acquired rs-fMRI data from 19 subjects in two different statues (EC and EO) and selected a seed region-of-interest (ROI) at the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to generate the sFC map. We identified the DMN consisting of ten clusters that were significantly correlated with the PCC. By using a sliding-window approach, we analyzed the dFC of the DMN. Then, the Newman’s modularity algorithm was applied to identify dFC states based on nodal total connectivity strength in each sliding-window. In addition, graph-theory based network analysis was applied to detect dynamic topological properties of the DMN. We identified three group-level dFC states (State1, 2 and 3) that reflects the strength of dFC within the DMN between EC and EO in different time. The following results were reached: (1) no significant difference in sFC between EC and EO, (2) dFC was lower in State2 but higher in State3 in EC than in EO, (3) lower clustering coefficient, local efficiency, and global efficiency, but higher characteristic path length in State2 in EC than in EO, and (4) lower nodal strength in the precuneus (PCUN), PCC, angular gyrus (ANG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) in State3 in EC. These results suggested different resting statuses, EC and EO, may induce different time-varying neural activity in the DMN. Keywords DMN · Dynamic FC · Resting-state functional MRI · EC · EO
Handling Editor: Micah M. Murray. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00792-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ruiwang Huang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, China
2
School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
3
Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
4
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
Abbreviations ANG Angular gyrus DMN Default mode network dFC Dynamic functional connectivity EC Eyes-closed EO Eyes-open
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