Dynamic spinal posture and pelvic position analysis using a rasterstereographic device
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(2020) 15:389
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Dynamic spinal posture and pelvic position analysis using a rasterstereographic device Roman Michalik1* , Juliane Hamm3, Valentin Quack2, Jörg Eschweiler2, Matthias Gatz2 and Marcel Betsch2
Abstract Background: Until recently, rasterstereographic analysis of the spine was limited to static measurements. However, understanding and evaluating the motion of the spine under dynamic conditions is an important factor in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal pathologies. The aim of this study was to study the spinal posture and pelvic position under dynamic conditions and compare it to static measurements using a dynamic rasterstereographic system. Methods: A total of 121 healthy volunteers (56 females; 65 males) were included in this observational study. The parameters trunk inclination, trunk imbalance, pelvic obliquity, kyphotic angle, lordotic angle, surface rotation, and lateral deviation were studied and compared under static and dynamic (1, 2, 4, 5 km/h) conditions using the system “Formetric 4D Motion®“ (DIERS International GmbH, Germany). Results: Female volunteers had a higher lordotic angle than males under static conditions (p < 0.001). Trunk inclination (5.31° vs. 6.74°), vertebral kyphotic angle (42.53° vs. 39, 59°), and surface rotation (3.35° vs. 3.81°) increase under dynamic conditions (p < 0.001). Trunk inclination and lordotic angle both show significant changes during walking compared to static conditions (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The spinal posture differs between females and males during standing and during walking. Rasterstereography is a valuable tool for the dynamic evaluation of spinal posture and pelvic position, which can also be used to quantify motion in the spine and therefore it has the potential to improve the understanding and treatment of spinal pathologies. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered Keywords: Surface topography, Spine, Dynamic, Gait posture, Rasterstereography
Introduction Adolescent spinal scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, which is usually first diagnosed between the ages of 10–16 years. The gold standard in diagnosis and follow-up of scoliosis are still whole spine radiographs. According to Nash et al. patients with scoliosis undergo up to 22 whole spine X-rays during a 3year treatment period [1]. This may lead to an 8% higher * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
cancer mortality rate in scoliosis patients, and a 4-times higher breast cancer risk in this population [2]. Due to the radiation burden of standard radiographs, radiationfree and non-invasive methods to measure spinal deformity have been developed early on. One of the first radiation-free devices is called the scoliometer, which was developed in 1984 by Bunnell [3]. This device can be used as a screening tool, since it allows to measure t
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