Dynamics of Detonation Waves in Cylindrical Channels of Variable Cross Section
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Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics, Vol. 93, No. 5, September, 2020
DYNAMICS OF DETONATION WAVES IN CYLINDRICAL CHANNELS OF VARIABLE CROSS SECTION I. K. Gimaltdinov and E. Yu. Kochanova
UDC 532.329
A bubble liquid with a fuel mixture of gases is an explosive in which a detonation wave with an amplitude to 100 atm may appear on exposure to a pressure pulse of about 10–20 atm. The mass calorific value of such an explosive is six or more orders of magnitude lower than that of regular solid, liquid, and gaseous explosive materials. Furthermore, in fuel liquids containing curtains with vapor-air bubbles, sharp jerks during the transportation may contribute to the formation of detonation waves leading to emergencies. Therefore, studying detonation waves in bubble media is of interest from the viewpoint of ensuring explosion safety and from the viewpoint of the problem of transmission of information in the liquid in the form of waves. In the present work, a numerical study is made of the propagation of detonation waves in a cylindrical channel with a sudden expansion, which is filled with bubble liquid. Possible scenarios of the dynamics of detonation waves once they pass into the channel′s expanding part are analyzed. The influence of the volume content of the fuel gas and of geometric parameters of the channel on the propagation and separation of a detonation wave is established. It is shown that there can be two regimes of propagation of detonation on passage of a detonation wave into the expanding zone: continuous propagation of detonation and separation of detonation. Keywords: bubble liquid, waves, two-dimensionality, channel of intricate shape. Introduction. A bubble liquid is widespread in nature and is a universally accepted working medium in a number of industries, such as, e.g., the chemical and oil- and gas-producing industry, thermal-power engineering, and cryoengineering. Therefore, problems of wave dynamics of a bubble liquid attract great interest among researchers. A small volume of bubbles added to the liquid leads to an increase in the compressibility of the medium, with the density close to that of a pure liquid being preserved. The distinctive features of propagation of waves in a bubble liquid are associated with the joint interaction of linear, dispersion, and dissipation effects. A bubble medium with a chemically active gas in the bubbles is an explosive in which detonation waves may appear with an amplitude exceeding the amplitude of the initial signal tens of times [1–7]. Because of this, studying detonation waves in bubble media is of interest from the viewpoint of ensuring explosion safety and from the viewpoint of the problem of transmission of information in the form of waves. Furthermore, works have appeared recently in which the use of detonation waves in pulsed-detonation water-jet propellers is discussed [8]. One-dimensional detonation waves are the focus of [1–8]; investigation results have been generalized in [9–11]; twodimensional detonation waves in a bubble liquid ar
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