East Asian American Parents of Children with Autism: a Scoping Review
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REVIEW PAPER
East Asian American Parents of Children with Autism: a Scoping Review Irang Kim 1 & Yao Wang 2 & Sarah Dababnah 2 & Gail Betz 3 Received: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The number of Asian American children with autism is steadily increasing. Previous research reports that parents of children with autism experience higher stress compared with parents of typically developing children. Immigrant families of children with autism are particularly vulnerable to poor access to healthcare, social services, information, and other supports. This scoping review examined the current literature focused on East Asian American families raising children with autism, with an emphasis on study characteristics and overall findings. We identified nine articles that reported on the caregiving experiences of this population. Our review revealed that extant studies focused on East Asian families used limited research methods and small samples. The studies we reviewed found variations in the ways in which East Asian parents understand autism, navigate services, access available community and family supports, and experience stress. Keywords Asian American . East Asian . Autism . Scoping review . Caregiving . Stress
The US Asian population is growing quickly, with a 72% increase between 2000 and 2015 (Lopez et al. 2017). The population originates from more than 20 countries, which have unique cultures, histories, languages, and other characteristics. East Asia includes China, Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, Mongolia, Taiwan, and Korea. Traditional Chinese culture, such as Confucianism, social traditions, and written language, has highly influenced other East Asian countries (Berglee 2012). Confucianism is the
* Irang Kim [email protected] Yao Wang [email protected] Sarah Dababnah [email protected] Gail Betz [email protected] 1
School of Social Work , Tulane University, 127 Elk Place, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
2
School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 525 W. Redwood Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
3
Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 601 W. Lombard St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
most influential cultural value, which emphasizes harmony and order within family, community, and society. Also, it values respecting elders, filial piety, loyalty, trust, cooperation, education, and hard work (Gabrenya and Hwang 1996). Confucianism asserts males and elders hold strong authority in the family structure; thus, males and females traditionally have distinct gender roles. The Asian American population is concentrated within large metro areas such as New York and Los Angeles, although Asian Americans are in all US states (Census 2010). The US East Asian population makes up about 60% of Asian Americans (Census 2010). However, characteristics of East Asian Americans are diverse. For example, 27% of the US Japanese populations are foreign born, while approximately
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