ECAS: an efficient and conditional privacy preserving collision warning system in fog-based vehicular ad hoc networks
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ECAS: an efficient and conditional privacy preserving collision warning system in fog‑based vehicular ad hoc networks Zhiguang Qin1 · Yuedi Li1 · Xin Ye1 · Jin Zhou1 · Minsheng Cao1 · Dajiang Chen1,2 Received: 6 July 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © China Computer Federation (CCF) 2020
Abstract VANET is a prominent way to provide road security and prevent vehicles from collision by using various methods, such as message dissemination, traffic management, etc. However, the traditional vehicular network faces some problems related to high latency, low bandwidth, and communication in open wireless environment. Thus, some researchers have attempted to combine fog computing with vehicular ad hoc networks to overcome these problems. In this paper, we design an efficient and conditional privacy preserving collision warning system for fog-based vehicular ad hoc networks without using bilinear pairing. The fog nodes collect the speed violation reports from the speed sensor of vehicles. This protocol achieves privacy protection, message authentication, and revocate malicious vehicles. We also provide strict security proof and illustrate how to reach the security requirements in the proposed protocol. Moreover, the experiment demonstrates that the proposed protocol provides better efficiency in computation overhead and communication overhead, and makes it more applicable for adoption in the VANET collision warning systems. Keywords Collision warning · Fog-based vehicular networks · Conditional privacy preserving · Vehicle revocate · Elliptic curve
1 Introduction Nowadays, with the expansion in the urban population and the increasing amount of vehicles, road accidents occur more frequently than before years. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 1.3 million people die in traffic accidents every year, and between 20 and 50 million people suffer from non-fatal hurts (Toroyan et al. 2013). Beyond 90% of the deaths occur in low-income and middleincome countries because of insufficient road infrastructure and inadequate traffic management systems. Nevertheless, in some high-income countries, the roads are almost set up speed detectors and cameras to detect and analyze the drivers who exceed the limitation of speed in a certain area (Martens and Van den 2013; Lee et al. 2015). While these infrastructures can greatly mitigate the congestion issues, * Dajiang Chen [email protected] 1
Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
2
some traffic accidents have not prevented or alleviated by those cameras and speed detectors. Traffic accidents are usually caused by various reasons, such as drunk driving, red light jumping, exceeding the speed limit, etc. One of the main aspects is the vehicle’s overspeed that leads to such serious traffic accidents and influences other entities on the road. Thus, it is important to design a system for warning ove
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