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Fernando Pacheco Torgal Said Jalali

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Eco-efficient Construction and Building Materials

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Fernando Pacheco Torgal C-TAC Research Unit University of Minho Guimarães Portugal e-mail: [email protected]

ISBN 978-0-85729-891-1 DOI 10.1007/978-0-85729-892-8

Said Jalali Department of Civil Engineering University of Minho Guimarães Portugal e-mail: [email protected]

e-ISBN 978-0-85729-892-8

Springer London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Ó Springer-Verlag London Limited 2011 Novosol is a registered trademark of SOLVAY Société Anonyme, rue du Prince Albert, 33, Bruxelles, Belgium, 1050 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Contents

1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Sustainable Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Sustainable Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Eco-Efficient Construction and Building Materials . 1.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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1 1 5 7 9 13 14

2

Toxicity of Construction and Building Materials . . . . 2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Paints, Varnishes and Wood Impregnating Agents 2.3 Plastics and Synthetic Adhesives . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Materials That Release Toxic Fumes During Fire. 2.5 Radioactive Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Asbestos-Based Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 Lead Plumbing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 Leaching and Eco-Toxic