Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation A Study of Migr
After over 30 years of reform and opening up, China’s aggregate economic volume is now the second largest in the world. Over the past decade many provinces in the western region of China have implemented ecological migration projects of differen
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ological Migration, Development and Transformation A Study of Migration and Poverty Reduction in Ningxia
Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation
Peilin Li · Xiaoyi Wang Editors
Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation A Study of Migration and Poverty Reduction in Ningxia
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Editors Peilin Li Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China
Xiaoyi Wang Institute of Sociology Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing China
Sponsored by Innovation Project of CASS
ISBN 978-3-662-47365-8 ISBN 978-3-662-47366-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-47366-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015940422 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Social Sciences Academic Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 Translation from the Chinese language edition: 生态移民与发展转型—宁夏移民与扶贫研究 © Social Sciences Academic Press 2013. All rights reserved This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publishers, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publishers, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Committee Members
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), China National Conditions Research Series Compiling Committee Chair Shenming Li Associate Chairs Ying Wu and Haotao Huang Members Bingmeng He Hanlin Li Zheng Wang Zihao Wang
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Foreword
After over 30 years of reform and opening up, China’s aggregate economic volume has jumped to second in the world. However, the level of development is far from even across the country. The 18th Communist Party of China’s (CPC) National Congress set up various goals related to comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society by 2020. One arduous task is to “significantly reduce the size of those living in poverty.” In 2012, an income of 2300 yuan is the benchmark for relieving the poor. By this criterion, 98,990,000 people are still living below the poverty line. This number makes up 10.2 % of the registered rural population. China’s poor rural population is mostly concentrated i
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