Efavirenz/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
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Non-syndromic cleft lip palate: case report A female fetus [gestational age at the time of reaction onset not stated] developed non-syndromic cleft lip palate (NSCLP) following maternal exposure to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine and efavirenz during pregnancy in Indonesia [dosages, duration of treatment to reaction onset and outcomes not stated]. The girl, who was born to an HIV infected woman, showed bilateral cleft lip and left-sided cleft palate during clinical examination and was diagnosed with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. During pregnancy, the mother had received antiretroviral therapy (ART), comprising tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine and efavirenz [dosages not stated]. She had a family history of cleft lip or palate. The genetic testing was carried out with informed consent. Genotyping of DNA sequence variants in the IRF6 gene showed both parents had genotype GA, while the child had genotype GG (genotype wild type). There was no difference observed in the TGFA BamHI gene variant between the child and her mother and father that were wild-type polymorphisms (normal), while the Rsa1 polymorphisms of them were heterozygotes. Though genetic variant of IRF6 could be a protective factor for NSCLP, the Rsa1 gene variant (A) allele was considered to be the risk factor associated with NSCLP development. It was concluded that, ART along with genetic conditions were the possible etiologic causes in the development of NSCLP. Sufiawati I, et al. Genetic variation of IRF6 and TGFA genes in an HIV-exposed newborn with non-syndromic cleft lip palate. Oral Diseases 26: 165-168, No. 1, Sep 2020. 803505238 Available from: URL: http://doi.org/10.1111/odi.13403
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Reactions 3 Oct 2020 No. 1824
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