Effect of adoption of sustainable crop production systems on farm economics
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Effect of adoption of sustainable crop production systems on farm economics Miroslava Bavorova1 · Elena V. Ponkina2 · Nizami Imamverdiyev3 · Norbert Hirschauer3 Received: 18 March 2019 / Accepted: 11 November 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract This study uses farm models to analyze the effect of farm size on farm-level costs of adoption of reduced soil cultivation systems. In an empirical study in the Kulunda Steppe in Russia, we examine the farm-level economics of three crop cultivation technologies: old Soviet intensive tillage technology (OS), modified Soviet reduced-tillage technology (MS), and modern Canadian no-till technology (MC). We consider economies of size by considering three farm sizes (small = 500 ha, medium = 5000 ha, and large = 15,000 ha). Based on the general approach to cost and activity accounting, we sequentially compute gross cost–benefit measurement to assess the economic performance of the different systems. The study utilizes two data sources: (1) experts’ estimates regarding the input requirements and yield impacts of reduced-tillage systems in the marginal ecosystem of the Kulunda Steppe and (2) market prices in 2014 and 2015. According to the model calculations, OS is inferior to MC and MS tillage systems in all farm sizes if we adopt a medium- to long-term perspective and consider residual income. If we adopt a very short-term perspective and consider only the difference between sales and direct costs, the MC tillage system would rank first across all modeled farm sizes. However, because farms in the Kulunda Steppe are heterogeneous, our results cannot replace management decisions based on farm-specific calculations that consider the conditions of the respective farm. Keywords Soil degradation · Reduced tillage · Farm models · Profitability · Russia * Miroslava Bavorova [email protected] Elena V. Ponkina [email protected] Nizami Imamverdiyev [email protected]‑halle.de Norbert Hirschauer [email protected]‑halle.de 1
Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Tropical AgriScience, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6 ‑ Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Department of Theoretical Cybernetics and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Information Technologies, Altai State University, pr. Lenina 61, Barnaul, Russia 656049
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Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University-Halle-Wittenberg, Karl‑Freiherr‑von‑Fritsch‑Str. 4, 06120 Halle(Saale), Germany
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1 Introduction Today, more than 50% of the agricultural land in the Kulunda Steppe in southwest Siberia is affected by different types of degradation (Frühauf 2013). The main problems are wind erosion, salinization, acidification, and water erosion. To reverse soil degradation processes and the negative environmental consequences thereof, cultivation technologies that address the exigencies of the marginal ecosystem steppe must be adopted. Agronomy and soil scientists recommend reduced-tillage systems as a sustainable way of
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