Effect of Age-Hardening Treatment on Microstructure and Sliding Wear-Resistance Performance of WC/Cu-Ni-Mn Composite Coa
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INTRODUCTION
AS one of the most serious failure modes in engineering applications, wear leads to the failure of components and causes enormous economic and energy loss. With the increment of production scale and the ever-increasing commercial demands, it is an urgent requirement to develop high-performance wear-resistant materials to extend the service life of machine components that are subject to high-stress wear. Particle-reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) have been widely applied in tribological applications due to their unique microstructures and attractive wear-resistance properties.[1–4] In order to meet the higher and higher wear-resistance requirements, PRMMCs with better performance are required, including a sound structure without defects and a reliable bond between the metal matrix and particle reinforcements, for example. Among the variety of available methods to fabricate PRMMCs, weld hardfacing is a widely applied technology that involves wear-resistant coatings on the surface of new components or remanufacturing of the worn surfaces of inoperative components, which can significantly extend the service life of engineering components.[5,6]
JUN LIU, SHUAI YANG, CHIBIN GUI, and WEISHENG XIA are with the State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China. Contact email: [email protected] KAI LIU is with DEPA, Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430056, People’s Republic of China. Manuscript submitted August 2, 2016. Article published online April 6, 2017 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
The wear-resistance performance of PRMMCs is mainly determined by the based metal matrix and the reinforcement particles. Generally speaking, in order to guarantee good wear-resistance performance of PRMMCs, the selection of reinforcement particles and the metal matrix should follow the next three basic principles. First, reinforcement particles, mostly engineering ceramics, should have some good properties, including high hardness, general chemical inertness, excellent wear resistance, and the ability to work in severe thermal conditions.[7] Second, the metal matrix binder should have certain strength and good toughness, which can provide reliable supports for reinforcement particles. Third, reinforcement particles and the metal matrix should have good compatibility (or wetting characteristics) with each other; otherwise, some defects may form in the interfacial junction, which will lead to the initiation and extension of cracks, even the segregation of reinforcement particles and the metal matrix.[8] Tungsten carbide particles are often selected as the reinforcement particles to fabricate PRMMCs and have been used extensively for numerous wear-resistant applications.[1,9–11] Cu-Ni-Mn alloys have been studied due to their excellent mechanical, conductivity, and chemical properties, as well as their good corrosion resistance.[12–15] In addition, Cu-Ni-Mn ternary alloy
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