Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Severe Cold-Rolled FeCoCrNiMn High-Entr
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ING FU, HAN ZHENG, LIFENG LV, YANLE SUN, and AIDANG SHAN are with the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China, with the Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China, and also with the Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China. Contact e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] RUI YU is with the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. XIANPING DONG is with the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and also with the Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Manuscript submitted October 8, 2018.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
INTRODUCTION
AS a new alloy design approach, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have been actively studied since Yeh and Cantor first defined the concepts of HEAs and multicomponent alloys, respectively.[1,2] A conventional alloy design strategy usually is based on one principal element as the matrix and other minor elements as additives. However, the emergence of HEAs opened up a new paradigm for the design of materials, in which alloys contain five or more principal elements with each elemental concentration between 5 and 35 at. pct.[3] Yeh et al.[4] summarized four main core effects for HEAs: the high-entropy effect, sluggish diffusion effect, severe lattice distortion effect, and cocktail effect. With appropriate composition design, HEAs can possess excellent performance in multiple areas, such as high strength,[5] good ductility,[6,7] strong resistance to wear,[8,9] corrosion,[10,11] and oxidation and irradiation.[12] Numerous HEA systems have been investigated;
FeCoNi-based alloy systems with suitable alloying elements, such as Cr, Mn, Ti, V, Cu, Al, Mo, and Nb, have been the most widely studied.[13] The equiatomic FeCoCrNiMn alloy with a single face-centered cubic (FCC) structure has been extensively investigated, and many interesting unusual mechanical properties of this alloy have been reported. It was found that this alloy shows simultaneous enhancement in yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and ductility as the testing temperature decreases.[6,14] A very recent study indicated that a FeCoCrNiMn HEA exhibits exceptional damage tolerance and excellent fracture toughness at room temperature that even improves at cryogenic temperatures.[15] Nevertheless, compared with most structural metallic materials, the FeCoCrNiMn HEA, especially the homogenized alloy, usually shows a relatively low YS;[16] to some extent, this limits its immediate implementation, particularly for practical structural applications. Grain refinement has a profound effect on the resultant mechanical properties. It has been proven that nanograined (NG) and ultrafine-grained (UFG) m
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