Effect of BiAlO 3 doping on dielectric and ferroelectric properties of (Bi 0.5 Na 0.42 K 0.08 ) 0.96 Sr 0.04 Ti 0.975 Nb
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Effect of BiAlO3 doping on dielectric and ferroelectric properties of (Bi0.5Na0.42K0.08)0.96Sr0.04Ti0.975Nb0.025O3 lead-free ceramics Xin Liu1, Xiao-ming Chen1,* 1
, Li-na Liu1, and Guang-bin Zhang1,*
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
Received: 25 April 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 21 August 2020
The (1 - x)(Bi0.5Na0.42K0.08)0.96Sr0.04Ti0.975Nb0.025O3–xBiAlO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05) lead-free ceramics were synthesized by means of the traditional solidstate reaction method. Influences of the BiAlO3 doping on structure, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics were systematically investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement was used to detect phase structure. The samples exhibit pseudocubic symmetry and dense microstructures. All of the ceramics, whether they were poled or unpoled, exhibit two dielectric anomalies on the dielectric spectra between room temperature and 350 °C, and no dielectric anomaly related to depolarization behavior was observed. The polarization loops and strain curves exhibit pinching-type shape and sprout shape, respectively. The corresponding mechanism was also discussed.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction Piezoelectric materials are important for the application of transducers. As traditional transducer materials, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3and PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbTiO3based ceramics have been widely investigated in the field of various electromechanical applications [1–3]. However, taking into account irreversible ecological and health issues caused by lead-based components, lead-free materials with alternative properties have been widely studied. Excellent electrical properties have been explored in lead-free materials. For example, giant piezoelectric constant d33 of 755 pC/N and d33 of 2027 pm/V were achieved in highly
textured BaTiO3-based ceramics [4]. Ultrahigh discharge energy density of 10.5 J/cm3 and efficiency of 87% were obtained in BiFeO3–BaTiO3 ceramic multilayers [5]. In particular, exploring lead-free ferroelectric materials with large strain is of great significance for developing transducers. As one of lead-free materials, (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT)-based ceramics are particularly attractive because Bi3? and Pb2? have similar electron configurations with 6s2 [6]. Among BNT-based ceramics, Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 (BNKT) solid solutions have been concerned intensively due to the relaxor ferroelectric behavior with high electromechanical properties. The BNKTbased ceramics are often accompanied by relatively
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04305-7
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
high strain under an appropriate electric field. For instance, a large field-induced strain up to 0.438% at a low electric field of 5 kV/mm was obtained in Nb5?doped BNKT-based ceramics due to the reversible phase transition between an
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