Effect of bio-stabilizers on capillary absorption and water vapour transfer into raw earth
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of bio-stabilizers on capillary absorption and water vapour transfer into raw earth Simon Guihe´neuf . Damien Rangeard Florence Collet . Sylvie Pre´tot
. Arnaud Perrot
. Thibault Cusin .
Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 Ó RILEM 2020
Abstract While raw earth can be used as a structural material, its water sensitivity limits its use in modern construction. Earth has a strong affinity with water. Both water imbibition and water vapour transfer have to be taken into consideration. This affinity can be a positive point to regulate indoor ambience, but it can also negatively affect earth’s mechanical properties. To avoid this possible detrimental effect, bio-based additions are used all around the world to stabilize, protect from water and enhance the mechanical properties of earth-based building materials. Biobased stabilizers have to limit liquid water absorption and maintain mechanical properties without acting as a water vapour barrier that can lead to durability
issues. In this article, capillary water absorption and water vapour permeability measurements are performed for combinations of various earths and biobased additions (linseed oil, xanthan gum, casein, alginate and tannins). Linseed oil and xanthan gum help to protect the earth-based samples from absorbing liquid water without affecting the water vapour transfer in these materials. Keywords Earth-based building materials Biobased additions Capillary absorption Water vapour permeability Mechanical strength
1 Introduction S. Guihe´neuf (&) A. Perrot IRDL, UMR CNRS 6027, Universite´ de Bretagne Sud, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] A. Perrot e-mail: [email protected] S. Guihe´neuf D. Rangeard T. Cusin Laboratoire de Ge´nie Civil Ge´nie Me´canique, Institut National Des Sciences Applique´es, Universite´ de Rennes, 20 Avenue Des Buttes de Coe¨smes CS 70839, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France e-mail: [email protected] F. Collet S. Pre´tot Laboratoire de Ge´nie Civil Et Ge´nie Me´canique, Universite´ de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
Earthen construction, which is a global traditional building technique that has been used for thousands of years, has been, to some extent, neglected in the last century due to the development of the steel and concrete building industries, even if this vernacular technique has survived in both industrialised and developing countries. In the context of global warming that forces humans to reconsider the global economic growth paradigm, this construction technique is now regaining interest in the building industry, mostly because of its low environmental impact, its recyclability and its availability locally [1–7].
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However, even if raw-earth seems to be a promising building material, it also presents some disadvantages, such as its significant variability and durability issues that limits the democratization of its use [8, 9]. S
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