Effect of Bonder at Skin/Core Interface on the Mechanical Performances of Sandwich Structures Used in Marine Industry
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Effect of Bonder at Skin/Core Interface on the Mechanical Performances of Sandwich Structures Used in Marine Industry C. Borsellino & L. Calabrese & G. Di Bella
Received: 8 August 2007 / Accepted: 4 December 2007 / Published online: 21 February 2008 # Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2007
Abstract The present work is aimed to extend the knowledge of mechanical properties of sandwich structures used for marine applications focusing on the possibility to increase the performances of such structures by adding a bonder at the skin/core interface. Therefore, three sandwich structures that are utilised in different structural components of a yacht were realised by manual lay-up. The mechanical characterisation was performed by flatwise compressive, edgewise compressive and three point flexural tests. The tests execution has allowed both to determine the mechanical performances and to understand the fracture mechanisms that take place when the bonder is added in the stacking sequence of the samples. Keywords Sandwich . Glass fibres . Bonder . Mechanical properties
1 Introduction In the last years the introduction of glass-reinforced plastic in the recreational boat industry has been sure significant. The employ of wood has been gradually abandoned modifying the classic canon of shipbuilding industry and involving an industrial revolution that practically has strongly modified the way to design and to produce boats. These materials are widely used in the marine industry due to their good environmental resistance, to the possibility to realise complex shapes and also to their high specific strength and stiffness [1].
C. Borsellino Department of “Ingegneria Civile”, Messina University, Messina, Italy e-mail: [email protected] L. Calabrese Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e Ingegneria dei Materiali, Messina University, Messina, Italy e-mail: [email protected] G. Di Bella (*) Dipartimento di Tecnologia Meccanica Produzione e Ingegneria Gestionale, Palermo University, Palermo, Italy e-mail: [email protected]
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Appl Compos Mater (2007) 14:307–323
In the composite materials research area remarkable developments have been obtained both in the constituents [2] and in the manufacturing processes [3, 4]. Particularly, the marine industry has changed the boat manufacturing materials from monolithic steel material to sandwich structure [5] – a laminate (skin) with a low density core (foam or wood), realised by manual technique or adopting more sophisticated processes. For this revolution many shipyards has been rapidly developed. The idea of fast ships has become very popular with the introduction of many new and different design concepts. The development seems to be going towards larger and faster ships increasing the demand for lighter and stronger structures and for a better utilisation of both the materials and the involved structure. A lighter ship building allows to obtain: high acceleration, low consumption and, as a consequence, higher attention for the environment, possibi
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