Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on urban health and environment
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Effect of COVID-19 outbreak on urban health and environment Ashish Girdhar 1 & Himani Kapur 2 & Vijay Kumar 3 & Manjit Kaur 4 & Dilbag Singh 4 & Robertas Damasevicius 5,6 Received: 13 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The WHO announced coronavirus disease a Public Health Emergency on 30 January 2020, and it spreads across the whole planet. Aftermath of outbreak of this disease at the global level is more frightening and panicking than anyone’s worst nightmare. With more than 23 mln positive coronavirus cases and more than 800,000 causalities all over the world, the potential of this virus cannot be undermined. This pandemic has victimized all human beings residing on 209 countries and territories of the world. It emerged as an unbeatable global challenge that the world has never witnessed before. Consequently, the affected countries have sealed their borders and made populations reside in their homes until the pandemic is over. Thus, the victims of coronavirus are not only the ones who are exposed to it but also the ones who are affected by the lockdown imposed by the governments. The paper aims to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on air pollution of various countries. Papers indicating the relationship between air pollution levels and lockdown measures are analyzed. The dramatic U-turn from environmental degradation is definitely a silver lining in these black clouds. This paper reviews the repercussions of the pandemic in some nations, while war-like preparations continue to fight it. COVID-19 has dramatically improved the quality of air. Also, it has greatly affected the economy of various countries due to lockdown. Keywords COVID-19 . Urban health . Air pollution
Introduction A novel form of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was detected in December 2019 that causes severe respiratory illness and death. This disease spreads from infected to healthy individuals through droplets released when the infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales (Dbouk and Drikakis 2020). Therefore, a distance of at least 3 ft is to be maintained among individuals. This measure leads to closures of public places and avoidance of public meetings. To implement social distancing, lockdown is imposed by different countries. Sealing of international borders is done to prohibit the entry of infected persons. The consequences of * Dilbag Singh [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
2
Computer Science, GGSSS, Kaithal, India
3
Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
4
Computer Science Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Greater Noida 201310, India
5
Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
6
Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
outbreak have affected human race at physical, social, mental, and economical. In such times of stress and trauma, plummeting of environmental degradation c
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