Effect of Cr (III) on hydration, microstructure of magnesium phosphate cement, and leaching toxicity evaluation
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of Cr (III) on hydration, microstructure of magnesium phosphate cement, and leaching toxicity evaluation Qiubai Deng 1 & Zhenyu Lai 1
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Tao Yan 1 & Jie Wu 1 & Mengliang Liu 1 & Zhongyuan Lu 1 & Shuzhen Lv 1
Received: 8 October 2020 / Accepted: 19 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The pollution caused by chromium and its compounds has caused severe harm to the environment, and waste stabilization/ solidification containing these contaminants by magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is one of the best ways to address this problem. If the mechanism between Cr3+ and MPC can be understood, it will significantly improve the latter’s solidification performance with respect to ameliorating Cr pollution. In this paper, the compressive strength, microstructure, pH in the process of sample hydration, and leaching toxicity of solidified forms were studied by adding various amounts of Cr3+ into MPC. The setting time of MPC decreased at first and then increased as the Cr3+ concentration increased. The added Cr3+ reacted with the phosphate ions to form mineral phases, which changed the MPC matrix structure. The matrix’s compressive strength was higher when the M/P ratio (MgO/KH2PO4 mass ratio) was smaller. When the concentration of Cr3+ was constant, and the M/P ratio was low (< 4:1), the matrix’s compressive strength increased as the M/P ratio increased. The presence of Cr3+ changed the system’s pH and affected the hydration products’ morphology; this trend strengthened as the Cr3+ concentration increased. The highest leaching concentration of Cr3+ was 0.255 mg/L, and the concentration decreased as the M/P ratio decreased. During solidification, the appropriate proportion of MPC can be selected according to the concentration of Cr3+ to achieve better solidification performance. Keywords Magnesium phosphate cement . Cr3+ . Hydration process . Leaching toxicity
Introduction Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Zhenyu Lai [email protected] Qiubai Deng [email protected] Tao Yan [email protected] Jie Wu [email protected] Mengliang Liu [email protected] Zhongyuan Lu [email protected] Shuzhen Lv [email protected] 1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production, various pollutants have entered the ecological environment in various ways and caused pollution (Hu et al., 2020; Yoshinaga et al., 2018a). Among them, Cr3+ belongs to a more serious category. Several valence states of Cr exist in the environment, but Cr3+ and Cr6+ are the primary ones. In the environment, Cr3+ can be adsorbed onto solid substances and exists in sediments. In contrast, Cr6+ is more soluble in water, which is relatively stable. However, the two forms of Cr can be converted into each other under certain conditions (Chen et al., 2020; Gao et al., 2018; Cui et al., 2020;
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