Effect of Genetic and Non-genetic Factors on First Lactation Production Traits in Crossbreds of Gir with Holstein Frieso

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BRIEF RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of Genetic and Non-genetic Factors on First Lactation Production Traits in Crossbreds of Gir with Holstein Frieson and Jersey Cattle Breeds M. G. Mote1,2 • C. A. Nimbalkar1,3 • D. K. Deokar1,4 • U. S. Gaikwad1,2

Received: 20 August 2018 / Accepted: 9 October 2019  NAAS (National Academy of Agricultural Sciences) 2019

Abstract The data on production traits of FG (50% Holstein Frieson (HF) ? 50% Gir), IFG (interse of FG), FJG (50% HF ? 25% Jersey ? 25% Gir), IFJG (interse of FJG) and R (50% HF ? 12.50% Jersey ? 37.50% Gir) crosses maintained at Research Cum Development Project on cattle, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, were collected for the years 1972 to 2015. The data were analysed for estimation of means of production traits, viz. lactation length (LL), lactation milk yield per day of lactation length (LMY/LL) and lactation milk yield per day of calving interval (LMY/CI), by considering effects of period/season of calving by adopting least-square technique. The overall mean first lactation length (days) was 327.22 ± 4.15 in FG, 352.21 ± 5.14 in IFG, 331.71 ± 3.97 in FJG, 358.33 ± 3.81 in IFJG and 343.37 ± 7.52 in R genetic group. The overall mean LMY/LL and LMY/CI (kg) of first lactation was 10.47 ± 0.17 and 8.45 ± 0.16 in FG, 8.03 ± 0.12 and 6.42 ± 0.13 in IFG, 8.79 ± 0.24 and 6.99 ± 0.26 in FJG, 8.14 ± 0.10 and 6.45 ± 0.11 in IFJG and 8.38 ± 0.20 and 6.63 ± 0.22 in R genetic group, respectively. The period of calving had significant (P \ 0.05) effect on lactation length, LMY/LL and LMY/CI in IFG and IFJG groups in first lactation. The variation due to season of calving on lactation length, LMY/LL and LMY/CI was significantly higher in IFJG in first lactation as compared to other groups. The genetic group had significant effect on LL, LMY/LL and LMY/CI traits. Keywords Productive traits  Lactation length  Milk yield

Introduction Cross-breeding with European dairy breeds has been widely used as a method to improve milk production potential in tropical cattle. The first crossbred generation (F1), derived from indigenous (usually Bos indicus) & M. G. Mote [email protected] 1

Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra 413722, India

2

Present Address: AHDS, College of Agriculture, Pune, Maharashtra, India

3

Present Address: Department of Statistics, MPKV, Rahuri, Maharashtra, India

4

Present Address: AHDS, MPKV, Rahuri, Maharashtra, India

females, mated with exotic (Bos taurus) bulls performed very well in almost all cases. However, further upgrading by repeated backcrossing to the exotic breed gave variable and often disappointing results. The data collected on various production traits do not provide a true reflection of genetic merit of an individual as it is affected by several non-genetic factors. Therefore, adjustment of data before estimation of mean performance and genetic parameters is of primary importance. This study was undertaken to estimate production performance of Gir crossbreds with