Effect of PTH and corticotomy on implant movement under mechanical force
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of PTH and corticotomy on implant movement under mechanical force Jiyeon Kim1, Heon‑Young Kim2, Won‑Ho Kim3, Jin‑Woo Kim2* and Min‑Ji Kim3*
Abstract Background: Osseointegrated implants are considered as clinically non-movable. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is known to play a significant role in the regulation of bone remodeling and in intermittent, low doses, result in osteo‑ anabolic effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PTH and corticotomy, both under traction force, on osseointegrated implants. Methods: Four implants—two in each hemimandible—were placed in each of the three study mongrels. Each mongrels were designated as control, normal dose PTH (PTH-1), and high dose PTH (PTH-2) groups, with each groups further subdivided into non-surgery implant and surgery implant. After osseointegration, mechanical force with NiTi closed coil springs (500 g) was applied around each implants. Corticotomy was performed around one of four implants in each mongrels. Parathyroid hormone was administered locally on a weekly basis for 20 weeks. Clinical movement of the implants were evaluated with the superimposed 3D- scanned data, bone- microarchitectural and histologic examinations. Results: Superimposition analysis showed continuous movement of the non-surgery implant of PTH-1 group. Move‑ ment was further justified with lowest bone implant contact (adjusted BIC; 44.77%) in histomorphometric analysis. Upregulation of bone remodeling around the implant was observed in the normal dose PTH group. In the surgery implants, the remarkably higher adjusted BIC compared to the non-surgery implants indicated increased bone forma‑ tion around the implant surface. Conclusion: The results indicate that the catabolic and anabolic balance of osseointegrated implants in terms of bone remodeling can be shifted via various interventions including pharmacological, surgical and mechanical force. Clinical relevance: Upregulated bone remodeling by PTH and corticotomy under continuous mechanical force showed the possible implications for the movement of osseointegrated dental implant. Keywords: Implant, Bone remodeling, Parathyroid hormone, Corticotomy, Orthodontic force
*Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon‑ro 1071, Yangcheon‑gu, Seoul 158‑710, South Korea 3 Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Anyangcheon‑ro 1071, Yangcheon‑gu, Seoul 158‑710, South Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background The exertion of mechanical force on a tooth has been known to have direct and indirect biological effects on the surrounding tissues including the extracellular matrix, the cells of the dental pulp, periodontal ligament (PDL), alveolar bone, and the gingival soft tissue. Force induced orthodontic movement of natural teeth occurs via the bone remodeling process—bone resorption and bon
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