Effect of the fodder species canola ( Brassica napus L.) and daylily ( Hemerocallis fulva L.) on soil physical propertie
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Effect of the fodder species canola (Brassica napus L.) and daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) on soil physical properties and soil water content in a rainfed orchard on the semiarid Loess Plateau, China Qiang Ling & Xining Zhao
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Pute Wu & Xiaodong Gao & Wenhao Sun
Received: 7 February 2019 / Accepted: 27 September 2019 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Background and aims Understanding the variability in water availability in agroforestry systems in rain-fed orchards is vital for optimizing orchard management in semiarid areas. However, few studies have examined the soil capacity of water stock and supply in these systems over multiple years. We aim at (i) characterizing several soil physical properties related to water availability and inter-annual dynamics of soil water content and (ii) exploring their response to meteorological conditions and root distribution. Methods Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) intercropped with the fodder species canola (Brassica napus L.) (JFCS), jujube intercropped with daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) (JDLS), and a jujube orchard with clean tillage (JCS) were established on the Loess Plateau, China. Soil physical properties (including soil bulk density, soil Responsible Editor: Zhun Mao. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04318-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Q. Ling : X. Zhao (*) : P. Wu (*) : X. Gao : W. Sun Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, No. 26, Xinong Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Province, China e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] X. Zhao : P. Wu : X. Gao Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
hydraulic conductivity, soil field capacity, and soil porosity), soil water content and fine root data were collected over the period 2014–2017. Results Compared to JCS-Tree, the field capacity was significantly increased both in the JFCS-Tree and JDLSTree treatments, while soil capillary porosity increased significantly only in the JFCS-Tree. Compared to JCSInter-row, the JFCS-Inter-row and JDLS-Inter-row exhibited significantly decreased soil bulk density, and increased field capacity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and improved soil porosity, but the non-capillary porosity in the JDLS-Inter-row treatment were not significantly modified. Compare to JCS-Tree treatment, the soil water at 0–60 cm significantly increased under JFCS-Tree and JDLS-Tree in four years. However, due to the deeper fine root distribution for both tree and crop under JDLS-Interrow, the soil water content at 60–180 cm in JDLS-Interrow significantly decreased more than JFCS-Inter-row and JCS-Inter-row. Conclusions The introduced crop modified the soil physical properties and soil water content, indirectly under trees and directly between inter-rows through the ro
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