Effect of vacuum annealing on solar light response and photocatalytic performance of Ag nanoparticle-modified ZnO thin f
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Effect of vacuum annealing on solar light response and photocatalytic performance of Ag nanoparticle‑modified ZnO thin films Jianguo Lv1,2 · Zhengyu Yang1 · Congrong Wang1 · Shun Wang1 · Yuxuan Ma1 · Gaoliang Zhou1 · Jingwen Jiang1 · Qianqian Zhu1 · Min Zhao1,2 · Xiaoshuang Chen3 Received: 28 May 2019 / Accepted: 10 March 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ag–ZnO thin films were prepared by a two-step method and then annealed in a vacuum atmosphere at different temperature. It could be seen from the scanning electron microscopy images that the ZnO nanorods collapsed rapidly for the sample annealed at 400 °C (Ag–ZnO-400) and the average diameter of Ag nanoparticles increases with the increasing of annealing temperature. Compared to Ag–ZnO, the Ag–ZnO-400 presents the higher surface plasmon resonance absorbance peak, which was attributed to the increasing of the average diameter of silver nanoparticles. The transient photocurrent curves exhibited that the photocurrent density of Ag–ZnO-400 (~ 0.165 mA/cm−2) was twenty time larger than that of the Ag–ZnO (~ 0.008 mA/cm−2). The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Ag–ZnO-400 catalysts for the methyl orange in aqueous solutions is over 63%. Keywords Ag–ZnO · Thin film · Photocurrent · Photocatalytic
1 Introduction The worldwide environmental problems including air and water pollution have been steadily deteriorated due to the development of the industry and economy. In the past several decades, various technologies have been used to deal with environmental pollution. Semiconductor photocatalysis, as an important technology, can be used to eliminate the pollutants in air and water. Zinc oxide (ZnO), as a wide band gap (~ 3.2 eV) semiconductor with a large exciton binding energy (~ 60 meV), has been widely used in photovoltaic solar cells [1], photodetector [2], photoluminescence * Congrong Wang [email protected] * Xiaoshuang Chen [email protected] 1
School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
2
Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Detection Science and Technology of Education, Department of Anhui Province, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
3
National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
material [3], gas sensor [4], etc. In addition, ZnO also has been thought as one of important semiconductor photocatalysts for the degradation of pollutants, due to its low cost, chemical stability and non-toxicity [5]. In the last decade, one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials have attracted attention due to the size effect and the high specific surface area. Many methods, such as metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) [6], magnetron sputtering [7], sol–gel method [8], hydrothermal method and electrodeposition method have been used to prepare the one-dimendsional nanomaterials. Electrodeposition method, which is a simple, easy process and without expensive equipment, can be
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