Effect of Vanadium on Growth, Photosynthesis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Cell Death of Rice
- PDF / 1,287,408 Bytes
- 14 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 58 Downloads / 218 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of Vanadium on Growth, Photosynthesis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Cell Death of Rice Muhammad Mohsin Altaf 1,2 & Xiao-ping Diao 2,3 & Atique ur Rehman 4 & Muhammad Imtiaz 5 & Awais Shakoor 6 & Muhammad Ahsan Altaf 7 & Haseeb Younis 4,8 & Pengcheng Fu 2 & Muhammad Usman Ghani 9 Received: 12 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Vanadium (V) as minor concentration is present in various plants and extensively found in soils. The current study was established to assess the response of rice seedlings to different V concentrations and also investigated its toxic effect on growth, photosynthetic assimilation, relative chlorophyll content, SPAD index, ion leakage, enzyme activities, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and cell death. The rice seeds were sown in Petri dishes for 8 days, and after that, rice seedlings were grown hydroponically in a climate-controlled growth chamber. After 15 days of V-treatment, antioxidant enzyme activities, H2O2, protein contents, photosynthetic assimilation, relative chlorophyll content, and cell death were determined by utilizing the Spectrophotometer (Lambda 25 UV/VIS Spectrophotometer), and V accumulation (roots and shoots) was determined by GFAAS (GTA 120). The obtained results showed that all V concentrations significantly decreased the biomass (dry and fresh) and root growth as a result of the reduction in total root length, root tips, root fork, root surface area, and root crossing, and V was more accumulated in roots than shoots. Besides this, enzymatic activities were significantly enhanced under V stress. The findings also confirmed that seedling exposed to V stress had lower tolerance indices, photosynthetic activity, and protein contents while the ion leakage was consistently increased by increasing the V concentrations. The viability of plant cells severely damaged in response to high V stress, and H2O2 induction might be responsible for cell death. Generally, all V doses had a drastic effect on enzyme activities and caused cell death of rice plans. Moreover, the current study demonstrated that V ≥ 35 mg L−1 caused damaging effects on rice plants. Keywords Vanadium . Rice . Photosynthesis . Antioxidant . Enzymes . Reactive oxygen species . Cell death
1 Introduction Globally, vanadium (V) is attracting scientists due to its accumulation in environmental zones and contaminated the agricultural land, eventually injurious to human creatures. Heavy metals contaminated the soil cropping system due to excessive * Xiao-ping Diao [email protected]
industrialization and anthropogenic activities (Cui and Du 2011). Vanadium is found an average concentration of 20 to 120 mg kg−1 in soil and categorized 5th most abundant transition metal (Baken et al. 2012). China, Russia, South Africa, and the USA have big deposits of V in the world (Amorim et al. 2007). Among these, China is the largest V producing 5
Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Gen
Data Loading...
