Effect of yeast-fermented de-hulled rice on in vitro gas production, nutrient degradability, and rumen fermentation
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Effect of yeast-fermented de-hulled rice on in vitro gas production, nutrient degradability, and rumen fermentation Pajaree Totakul 1 & Thiwakorn Ampapon 2 & Suban Foiklang 3 & Suthipong Uriyapongson 1 & Sukruthai Sommai 1 & Maharach Matra 1 & Bounnaxay Viennasay 1 & Metha Wanapat 1 Received: 31 August 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of this experiment was to test the effect of yeast-fermented de-hulled rice (YDR) levels of protein-rich feed with different kinds of roughages on in vitro gas production, nutrient degradability, and rumen fermentation. The treatments were randomly assigned according to a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (CRD). The two experimental factors were comprised of two roughages (R) (untreated rice straw (RS) and sweet grass hay (SGH)) and four ratios of roughage to yeastfermented de-hulled rice (R:YDR) (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75). Thus, there were 8 treatment combinations. The results revealed that the interaction between R and R:YDR ratios influenced on the gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction ratio (c) (P < 0.01). The in vitro dry mater degradability (IVDMD) was improved by SGH and R:YDR ratios (P < 0.05). Supplementation of YDR with both of roughage sources (RS and SGH) increased propionate (C3) (P < 0.05) and total VFA production (P < 0.01); both factors showed interactive effects on rumen methane production (P < 0.01). Moreover, bacterial population was significantly increased by the SGH:YDR ratios (P < 0.05). Therefore, it could be summarized that supplementing YDR, an enriched protein source with SGH:YDR ratio at 50–75:50–25 ratio significantly enhanced nutrient degradability and in vitro rumen fermentation efficiency. Keywords De-hulled rice . Yeast-fermented product . Fermentation . In vitro gas production
Introduction Feed ingredients and their nutritive values would greatly contribute to the rumen fermentation efficiency and ultimately to the ruminant productivity (Wanapat 2009; Kamra et al. 2012). Among many feed resources, agricultural crop-residues such as rice straw, sugarcane tops, corn stovers, and industrial byproducts, e.g., cassava pulp, pineapple waste, and bagasses, are extensively available and potential as feeds for ruminants (Devendra and Leng 2011: Wanapat et al. 2012). * Metha Wanapat [email protected] 1
Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
2
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
3
Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
Nevertheless, improvement of the agricultural crop residue feeding values are essentially important. Dietary yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been used to enrich the protein content of carbohydrate sources such as yeast-fermented cassava c
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