Effect of yttrium on the electrical and mechanical properties of in situ synthesized CNTs/CuCr composites
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Effect of yttrium on the electrical and mechanical properties of in situ synthesized CNTs/CuCr composites Liangyan Zhao1,b), Xiaohong Chen1,a)b), Ping Liu1, Wei Li1, Fengcang Ma1, Daihua He1, Jinzhang Li1 1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science & Technology, Shanghai 200093, People’s Republic of China Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] b) These authors contributed equally to this work. a)
Received: 1 December 2018; accepted: 21 March 2019
Addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to copper materials significantly enhances their properties. However, the performance of CNTs/Cu composites is often not as good as expected mainly because of difficulties in controlling growth and uniform dispersion of CNTs in the matrix. Our study provides an effective way to prepare CNTs/CuCr and CNTs/CuCrY composites using chemical vapor deposition. The morphology and structure of these composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy to understand how Y incorporation affects properties of these composites. Our results showed that addition of 0.1 wt% Y enhances the catalytic properties of Cr and helps to obtain purer and pristine Cu substrate. We also studied tensile strength, electric conductivity, corrosion, and wear resistance of these composites. When Y was added, composite properties improved significantly. Tensile strength and corrosion resistance increased by 35.21 and 53.28%, respectively. Electric conductivity increased to 90.9% International Annealed Copper Standard and the coefficient of friction reduced to 0.3.
Introduction Copper-based composites are widely used in aviation, aerospace, electronics, etc. Search for smart composite materials motivates academic and industrial research and development to find materials with high strength and high conductivity. However, as the strength of copper-matrix composites increases, their electrical conductivity decreases. This phenomenon attracted significant scientific attention to copper matrix composites [1, 2]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique structural characteristics, electrical and mechanical properties, excellent electrical conductivity, and excellent hightemperature strength. Thus, all these properties make CNTs ideal reinforcement materials for preparation of high-strength and high-conductivity copper-based composites [3, 4, 5]. Walid [6] obtained CNTs/Cu composites by electroless plating. After spark plasma sintering (SPS), the electrical conductivity of CNTs/Cu composite was 72% International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) and Vickers hardness and yield stress were up to 108 HV and 341.2 MPa, respectively. Shukla [7] blended CNTs and Cu powders by ball-milling
ª Materials Research Society 2019
followed by sintering and achieved composites with a tensile strength equal to 330 MPa. However, the application of electroless plating [8] and powder metallurgy method [9] often results in poor wettability betwee
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