Effects of acidic attack on chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of geomaterials
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of acidic attack on chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of geomaterials Suéllen Tonatto Ferrazzo 1 & Rafael de Souza Tímbola 2 & Lucimara Bragagnolo 1 & Elvis Prestes 3 & Eduardo Pavan Korf 1 & Pedro Domingos Marques Prietto 2 & Carina Ulsen 4 Received: 11 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Exposure of geomaterials to acidic leachates may compromise their structure and functionality due to changes in physicochemical, mineralogical, and hydraulic behavior. The literature identifies the need to evaluate changes in a pure state and in conditions of extreme acidity. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of Osorio fine uniform sand (OFS), basalt residual soil (BRS), kaolin (KAO), and bentonite (BEN) exposed to sulfuric acid in concentrations of 0.00 mol/L (distilled water), 0.01 mol/L, and 1.00 mol/L. The tested samples were characterized using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The acid attack on geomaterials by contact with the solution 1.00 mol/L has resulted in the solubilization of some constituent minerals, as well as the formation of sulfate minerals, changes in the water dehydration peak in the pores, and mass loss. The morphology of the sand and bentonite particles did not change with exposure to sulfuric acid. The acidic attack resulted in changes in the morphology of the particles for BRS and KAO. The results of this study are important for determining operational parameters of waste containment systems and contaminated areas, as well as for applying geomaterials as founding materials. Keywords Acidic leachate . Sulfuric acid . Sand . Basalt residual soil . Bentonite and kaolin . Chemical composition . Mineralogy and morphology
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Suéllen Tonatto Ferrazzo [email protected] Rafael de Souza Tímbola [email protected] Lucimara Bragagnolo [email protected] Elvis Prestes [email protected] Eduardo Pavan Korf [email protected] Pedro Domingos Marques Prietto [email protected]
Carina Ulsen [email protected] 1
Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135, km 72, no 200, Erechim, RS 99700-970, Brazil
2
Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, km 292, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil
3
Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135, km 72, no 200, Erechim, RS 99700-970, Brazil
4
Technological Characterization Laboratory, Department of Engenharia de Minas e Petróleo, University of São Paulo, Prof. Mello Moraes Avenue, 05508-030, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Environ Sci Pollut Res
Introduction Percolation of chemically aggressive liquids, like acidic waters from the leaching of industrial and mining wastes, may affect soil hydraulic behavior as a resu
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