Effects of Al stress on the growth and nitrogen uptake of maize varieties with different Al tolerance as related with Al
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SOILS, SEC 3 • REMEDIATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED OR DEGRADED LANDS • RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of Al stress on the growth and nitrogen uptake of maize varieties with different Al tolerance as related with Al chemical forms on root surfaces Xiao-ying Pan 1,2 & Ge Dong 1,2 & Xian He 1,2 & Ru-hai Wang 1 & Ren-kou Xu 1,2
&
Ting-ting Mu 1,2
Received: 1 March 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To examine the effects of Al stress on the growth and nitrogen (N) absorption of maize varieties with different Al tolerance as related with chemical Al forms on maize root surfaces. Materials and methods Three maize cultivars, Al-tolerant cultivar Taiyu 1, medium-Al-tolerant cultivar Zhengdan 958, and Alsensitive cultivar Denghai 11, were selected for short-term and long-term Al stress with solution culture experiments. After germination, the healthy and consistent seedlings were selected for root elongation measurement. The maize seedlings were put in the Hoagland nutrient solution for 7 and 21 days to measure N absorption efficiency by maize varieties and Al chemical forms on maize roots. Results and discussion Al stress inhibited the growth of maize, and the degree of the inhibition was positively correlated with the amount of Al accumulation on maize roots significantly (P < 0.05). The amount of Al accumulated on roots of Denghai 11 was the highest, followed by Zhengdan 958, while that of Taiyu 1 was the lowest, which was consistent with their tolerance to Al toxicity. In addition, only N absorption efficiency of the maize cultivars was inhibited, and their N accumulation was not affected by Al stress in the early stage of long-term Al stress. However, both N absorption efficiency and N accumulation of the maize cultivars were inhibited in the late stage of long-term Al stress, and the inhibition degree increased with the increase of Al concentration. Al stress showed the greatest inhibition on Al-sensitive cultivar of Denghai11. After Al stress, the Al adsorbed on maize roots was differentiated into exchangeable, complexed, precipitated, and residual Al. In the early stage of long-term Al stress, the content of complexed Al was the highest, followed by residual Al and exchangeable Al, and the precipitated Al was the lowest, while at the late stage of Al stress, the content of residual Al was the highest, followed by complexed Al. Correlation analysis showed that the chemical forms of Al on maize roots affected N absorption efficiency. Among them, the exchangeable Al and residual Al were the main Al forms that affected the nitrate-N absorption efficiency of maize roots. They showed greater influence on the Al-sensitive cultivar of maize than the Al-tolerant cultivar. Conclusions Reducing adsorption and accumulation of Al on maize roots could decrease the inhibition of Al stress on N absorption efficiency and accumulation by maize, especially for Al-sensitive cultivar. Keywords Al stress . Al tolerance . Maize growth . Maize nitrogen accumulat
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