Effects of gamma rays on elastomer multimode optical channel waveguides
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Effects of gamma rays on elastomer multimode optical channel waveguides Va´clav Prajzler1,* 1
, Milosˇ Neruda1, and Milan Kveˇtonˇ1
Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Pargue, Technická 2, 166 27 Prague, Czech Republic
Received: 23 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 17 August 2020
The paper reports on properties of the elastomer multimode optical channel waveguides. The waveguides were fabricated by the doctor blade technique using the nickel mold with the dimension of the core 50 9 50 lm2 and irradiated by gamma rays from 60Co source with the dose rate 1 kGy/h. The applied irradiations were 14.6 kGy and 33.9 kGy and we studied the influence of gamma rays on the properties of the elastomer waveguides. We measured transmission spectra, refractive indices and the waveguide propagation losses. The lowest values of the optical losses were 0.21 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.35 dB/cm at 850 nm in the samples irradiated with dose 14.6 kGy and 0.55 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.66 dB/cm at 850 nm for the sample irradiated with a higher dose 33.9 kGy. The average value of the optical losses at 650 nm was 0.78 dB/cm (dose 14.6 kGy) and 1.05 dB/cm (dose 33.9 kGy). Optical silicone elastomers have unique properties and can be used for the realization of the optical waveguides for interconnection or realization photonics structures for applications in extreme environments.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction Elastomers are widely studied materials for microelectromechanical systems and lab-on-chip technology using for sensors (accelerometers, gyroscopes, pressure sensors, tilt sensors), actuators (switches, micro-pumps, micro-levers and micro-grippers), generators and energy sources (vibration energy harvesters), biochemical and biomedical systems, etc. [1–3]. One of the most often used elastomers is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) because of many advantageous properties including high flexibility,
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04274-x
very high thermal and chemical resistance, low surface tension and transition temperature. PDMS elastomers are also generally considered to be inert, nontoxic and have low absorption and good biocompatibility [4–6]. PDMS structures have the potential to be fabricated by low-cost and easy methods as soft lithography, micro-molding processes and photolithography [7, 8]. PDMS elastomers are also intensively studied for optics applications for optical communication systems for short distance in the last decades because of the interest in the development of the next-generation optical interconnection
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
communication systems in data center, high-performance computers, etc. [9, 10], where flexible multimode optical waveguides are used. The importance of nuclear technology is growing because of its wide application possibilities not only in nuclear power plants but also in medicine, industry, military, scientific
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