Effects of Long-Term Vegetation Restoration on Distribution of Deep Soil Moisture in Semi-arid Northwest of China
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of Long-Term Vegetation Restoration on Distribution of Deep Soil Moisture in Semi-arid Northwest of China Limei Wang 1,2 & Aisheng Ma 1 & Hong Zhang 1 & Jianguo Zhang 1,2
&
Qiang Dong 3 & Guangjun Fu 3
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract We aim to understand the distribution of soil moisture and its controlling factors for regional vegetation restoration in a semi-arid sandy land. The top 500 cm soils of the main introduced vegetation types restored for different years in Chinese Mu Us Sandy Land were collected, and the soil moisture and influencing factors were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the total soil water storage decreased in a sequence of shrub land (S) ˃ arbor land (A) ˃ shifting sandy land (CK) ˃ grassland (G). With the increase of restoration period, the soil moisture increased in arbor land and decreased first and then increased in both shrub land and grassland. Soil moisture was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with root length density (RLD) in G56, S36, A21, and S21. RLD and soil moisture in S56 showed an extremely significant negative correlation (P < 0.01). Soil water content had a positive correlation with silt content (P < 0.05) but demonstrated a negative correlation with the sand content (P < 0.05) in A56. Both silt and sand contents showed negative correlations with soil moisture in G56 (P < 0.05). In summary, vegetation type, restoration period, RLD, and silt and clay contents have significant effects on soil moisture. To improve the soil moisture status, arbors and bushes should be preferentially considered for vegetation restoration in semi-arid northwest of China. Keywords Introduced vegetation . Deep vadose zone . Soil moisture . Soil water storage . Mu Us Sandy Land
Abbreviations Axy Arbors restored for xy years Sxy Shrubs restored for xy years Gxy Grassland restored for xy years RLD Root length density
1 Introduction Desertification is one of the hot ecological issues in the world, and China is one of the countries with the most serious * Jianguo Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Natural Resources and Environment/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
3
Desert Control Research Institute of Shaanxi Province, Yulin 719000, China
desertification. The soil moisture in arid and semi-arid areas of northwestern China has attracted much attention due to the rapid expansion of desertified land (Yu et al. 2018; Liu et al. 2018a). Desertification will lead to a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as soil structural damage, nutrient loss, reduction of soil biodiversity, and soil texture coarsening. Vegetation restoration is an important measure to prevent desertification. It is known that soil moisture is one key
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