Effects of magnetic ionic liquid as a lubricant on the friction and wear behavior of a steel-steel sliding contact under
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ISSN 2223-7690 CN 10-1237/TH
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of magnetic ionic liquid as a lubricant on the friction and wear behavior of a steel-steel sliding contact under elevated temperatures Jiajia JIA1, Guangbin YANG1, Chunli ZHANG1,2,*, Shengmao ZHANG1,*, Yujuan ZHANG1, Pingyu ZHANG1 1
Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2
Institute of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
Received: 28 February 2019 / Revised: 06 June 2019 / Accepted: 25 August 2019
© The author(s) 2019. Abstract: A magnetic ionic liquid (abridged as MIL) [C6mim]5[Dy(SCN)8] was prepared and used as the magnetic lubricant of a steel-steel sliding pair. The tribological properties of the as-prepared MIL were evaluated with a commercially obtained magnetic fluid lubricant (abridged as MF; the mixture of dioctyl sebacate and Fe3O4, denoted as DIOS-Fe3O4) as a control. The lubrication mechanisms of the two types of magnetic lubricants were discussed in relation to worn surface analyses by SEM-EDS, XPS, and profilometry, as well as measurement of the electric contact resistance of the rubbed steel surfaces. The results revealed that the MIL exhibits better friction-reducing and antiwear performances than the as-received MF under varying test temperatures and loads. This is because the MIL participates in tribochemical reactions during the sliding process, and forms a boundary lubrication film composed of Dy2O3, FeS, FeSO4, nitrogen-containing organics, and thioether on the rubbed disk surface, thereby reducing the friction and wear of the frictional pair. However, the MF is unable to form a lubricating film on the surface of the rubbed steel at 25 °C, though it can form a boundary film consisting of Fe3O4 and a small amount of organics under high temperature. Furthermore, the excessive Fe3O4 particulates that accumulate in the sliding zone may lead to enhanced abrasive wear of the sliding pair. Keywords: steel-steel sliding contact; magnetic ionic liquid; magnetic fluid; lubricant; tribological property; lubrication mechanism
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Introduction
With the continuous progress of industrial technology, newly developed lubricants need to meet more and more stringent requirements for mechanical properties and lubricating performance [1–3]. Besides excellent load-bearing capacities, good friction-reducing, and antiwear abilities, they also need to exhibit self-repairing capabilities and environmental acceptance. In this respect, magnetic lubricants as novel lubricants could be of special significance, because they can fill up the scratches and grooves on rubbed surfaces under an external magnetic field to achieve continuous lubrication, and they can counteract the effect of gravity
and the centripetal force during the lubrication process, thereby preventing leakage and external pollution [4–6]. Currently, magnetic lubricants are often prepared by dispersing magnetic nanoparticles in conventional lubricants [7–9]. In recent years, magnetic fluids (MFs) as lubricants have been successfully appl
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