Effects of seepage on a three-layered slope and its stability analysis under rainfall conditions
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Effects of seepage on a three‑layered slope and its stability analysis under rainfall conditions Yixuan Wang1 · Junrui Chai1 · Jing Cao1 · Yuan Qin1 · Zengguang Xu1 · Xianwei Zhang1 Received: 26 March 2018 / Accepted: 23 April 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The seepage and stability of unsaturated soil slopes under torrential rain conditions are key issues in geotechnical and hydraulic engineering. In this work, based on the generalized limit equilibrium method, the stability of nonhomogeneous slopes with three layers was investigated. The effects of rainfall on the volume water content, pore water pressure and the stability of the slope were evaluated, and rainfall cycles and rainfall intensities were considered. The results show that the stability of the slope decreased with increasing rain‑ fall intensity until it was destroyed. The safety factor of the slope is lowest in a period of time after the rain stops. This condition means that the slope is more prone to damage. The seepage field and stress field of the slope were significantly changed with increasing rain‑ fall, and finally, the slope became unstable. Keywords Slope stability · Rainfall · Finite element method · Safety factor
1 Introduction In recent years, slope stability has been an important part of geotechnical and hydraulic engi‑ neering research (Abusharar and Han 2011; De Vita et al. 2013; Cao et al. 2017). It is of great significance for prevention from geological disasters and ensuring the safety of engi‑ neering. The stability of a slope is affected by many factors, such as the physical properties of the slope, the strength parameters of the soil, the slope geometry, rainfall and construction methods (Lim et al. 2015; Srivastava et al. 2010; Oh and Vanapalli 2010). These effects are highly correlated with each other. Hence, it is difficult to evaluate the stability of slopes. Many studies have focused on the combined effects of multiple factors on slope stability. Tschuch‑ nigg et al. (Tschuchnigg et al. 2015a, b) studied the factors affecting the safety factor (Fs), such as grid dispersion, dilatancy angle, and friction angle. In addition, the Davis method was * Junrui Chai [email protected] Yixuan Wang [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Eco‑hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
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adopted to accurately estimate the Fs of extreme slopes (Lee 1968). Egeli and Pulat examined the variation in slope angle and its effect on slope stability during high-intensity rainfall (Egeli and Pulat 2011). Cho investigated the effect of the interaction between air and water during heavy rainfall on the stability of unsaturated soil slopes (Cho 2016). In summary, the current research on homogeneous slopes is comparatively mature. However, there are many slopes whose soil properties change with different spatial locations. Such slopes are called heteroge‑ neous slopes. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the stability
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