Effects of Tannic Acid on the Ischemic Brain Tissue of Rats
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Effects of Tannic Acid on the Ischemic Brain Tissue of Rats Halil Murat Sen,1,6 Adile Ozkan,1 Mustafa Guven,2 Tarık Akman,2 Adem Bozkurt Aras,2 Ibrahim Sehitoglu,3 Hasan Alacam,4 Coskun Silan,5 Murat Cosar,2 and Handan Isın Ozisik Karaman1
Abstract—Many studies of brain ischemia have shown the role played by massive ischemia-induced production of reactive oxygen species, the main mechanism of neuronal death. However, currently, there is no treatment choice to prevent cell death triggered by reactive oxygen species. In our study, we researched the effects of tannic acid, an antioxidant, on the ischemic tissue of rats with induced middle cerebral artery occlusion. The animals were divided into three groups of eight animals. The sham group were only administered 10 % ethanol intraperitoneally, the second group had middle cerebral artery occlusion induced and were given 10 % ethanol intraperitoneally, while the third group had middle cerebral artery occlusion with 10 mg/kg dose tannic acid dissolved in 10 % ethanol administered within half an hour intraperitoneally. The rats were sacrificed 24 h later, and brain tissue was examined biochemically and histopathologically. Biochemical evaluation of brain tissue found that comparing the ischemic group with no treatment with the tannic acid-treated ischemia group; the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were higher, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were lower, and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) was higher in the tannic acid-treated group. Histopathological examination showed that the histopathological results of the tannic acid group were better than the group not given tannic acid. Biochemical and histopathological results showed that tannic acid administration had an antioxidant effect on the negative effects of ischemia in brain tissue. KEY WORDS: antioxidants; cerebrum; ischemia; tannic acid.
INTRODUCTION In the USA, deaths related to stroke are third after cancer and heart diseases, and it is also one of the most important causes of disability [1]. In the USA alone, it is estimated that 795,000 new stroke cases develop every year [2]. Of stroke patients, a significant proportion of 80 % have ischemic events [3]. 1
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Kampüsü, Canakkale, Turkey 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey 3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey 4 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey 5 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey 6 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Kampüsü, Canakkale, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]
In spite of stroke being a serious life-threatening risk and causing disability, the only effective accepted treatment is tissue plasminogen activators [4].
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