Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Associated with Dynamic Exercise on Functional Capacity and Heart Rate Varia
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Associated with Dynamic Exercise on Functional Capacity and Heart Rate Variability After Bariatric Surgery: a Randomized, Double-Blind, and Sham-Controlled Trial Paula Angélica Ricci 1 & Luciana Di Thommazo-Luporini 1 & Soraia Pilon Jürgensen 1 & Larissa Delgado André 1 & Guilherme Focchi Haddad 2 & Ross Arena 3 & Audrey Borghi-Silva 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. In association with dietary restrictions, the ability to exercise in the immediate post-surgical phase is limited. In this context, whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), strategy that stimulates various muscle groups, in conjunction with physical exercise, holds promise for improving functional capacity, and cardiac autonomic control, following surgery. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether a rehabilitation program consisting of WB-EMS with 30 exercise training sessions following bariatric surgery significantly improves functional capacity, body mass and heart rate variability (HRV). Methods Randomized, double-blind, and sham-controlled trial. Twenty obesity patients were randomized into the WB-EMS (n = 10) and sham (n = 10) groups. On average, 7 days after surgery, individuals underwent a six-minute walk test (6MWT), HRV, and body composition analysis at rest. The next day, patients initiated an exercise training protocol, five times per week, over 6 weeks. Walking distance changes (post-pre = ΔWD) obtained by 6MWT and HRV indices were determined following the intervention. Results Only WB-EMSG significantly increased WD and body mass index (BMI) after the intervention (p = 0.002) and ΔWD was significantly higher in this group when compared with sham (p = 0.04). Moreover, both groups demonstrated an improvement in key measures of HRV after the intervention. Conclusion An exercise training intervention initiated shortly after bariatric surgery improved functional capacity and cardiac autonomic tone. Improvements in functional capacity and BMI following exercise training were greater with the addition of WBEMS but did not promote additional improvements in HRV beyond that realized with exercise training alone. Keywords Whole-body electromyostimulation . Functional capacity . Autonomic control . Bariatric surgery
Introduction An elevated body mass index (BMI), particularly meeting/ surpassing the threshold that defines obesity (i.e., ≥ 30 kg/ * Audrey Borghi-Silva [email protected] 1
Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Sao Carlos- UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP CEP: 13565-905, Brazil
2
Gastro Vita (Medical Specialities Center), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
3
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
m2), leads to mobility limitations, low muscle strength [1], postural deficits, and an increased risk of falling [2], all
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