Efficacy of favipiravir for an end stage renal disease patient on maintenance hemodialysis infected with novel coronavir
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CASE REPORT
Efficacy of favipiravir for an end stage renal disease patient on maintenance hemodialysis infected with novel coronavirus disease 2019 Eri Koshi1 · Shoji Saito1 · Masaki Okazaki1 · Yuki Toyama1 · Takuji Ishimoto1 · Tomoki Kosugi1 · Hiroaki Hiraiwa2 · Naruhiro Jingushi2 · Takanori Yamamoto2 · Masayuki Ozaki2 · Yukari Goto2 · Atsushi Numaguchi2 · Yasuhiro Miyagawa3 · Io Kato4 · Nobuyuki Tetsuka5 · Tetsuya Yagi5 · Shoichi Maruyama1 Received: 9 June 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Japanese Society of Nephrology 2020
Abstract Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) refers to infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen, and has spread to pandemic levels since its inception in December 2019. While several risk factors for severe presentation have been identified, the clinical course for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis with COVID-19 has been unclear. Previous studies have revealed that some antiviral agents may be effective against COVID-19 in the general population, but the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these agents in ESRD patients remain under investigation. Favipiravir, an antiviral agent developed for treatment of influenza, is one candidate treatment for COVID-19, but suitable dosages for patients with renal insufficiency are unknown. Here we provide a first report on the efficacy of favipiravir in a patient with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Case presentation The case involved a 52-year-old woman with COVID-19 who had been undergoing maintenance hemodialysis three times a week for 3 years due to diabetic nephropathy. She had initially been treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and ciclesonide for 5 days, but developed severe pneumonia requiring invasive positive-pressure ventilation. Those antiviral agents were subsequently switched to favipiravir. She recovered gradually, and after 2 weeks was extubated once the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 fell below the limit of detection. Although concentrations of several biliary enzymes were elevated, no major adverse events were observed. Conclusion Favipiravir may be an effective option for the treatment of COVID-19-infected patients with ESRD. Keywords SARS-CoV-2 · COVID-19 · End-stage renal disease · Favipiravir · Hemodialysis
Introduction * Shoji Saito [email protected]‑u.ac.jp 1
Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai‑cho, Showa‑ku, Nagoya 466‑8550, Japan
2
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
3
Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
4
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
5
Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen has spread all over the world since December 2019 [1]. In Japan, the f
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