Efficient Use of UAVs for Public Safety in Disaster and Crisis Management
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Efficient Use of UAVs for Public Safety in Disaster and Crisis Management Noureddine Mehallegue1,2 · Djellab Mourad3 · Loukhoukha Khaled1,4
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the case of crisis and disaster situations, Public Safety Organization (PSO) experience situations where most of the telecommunication infrastructure becomes unavailable or not reliable. Thus, an effective disaster assessment of the situation becomes a challenging task for the PSO. UAV is considered as the most suitable solution to address these scenarios where a maximal radio coverage of the target area is crucial. In this work, a square area is considered which mathematical approximation to ensure a maximal coverage based on “covering a square with equal circles” is investigated. The proposed approach outperforms the existing ones as it reduces effectively the total difference delay time to cover the target area. Furthermore, it allows time-saving to achieve more stops at the target area compared to existing schemes leading to better PSO activity performance. Keywords UAV deployment · Communication management · Crisis management · Public safety · Stochastic geometry
1 Introduction Police forces around the world are using/ introducing the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles/Systems (UAV/UAS) or drones to improve their work. Drones are being used to protect law enforcement officers and provide them with quick and accurate information. In many ways, these drones are revolutionizing the way police forces operate. When the drones are equipped with a high performance camera and a wireless HD connection, they give law enforcement groups eyes in the sky, which aid in all types of pursuit while protecting the lives of officers on the ground. Whether giving an accurate, high definition portrayal of an overall scene, or zooming in on particular details, like a potential * Noureddine Mehallegue [email protected] 1
Research and Development Centre, Algiers, Algeria
2
The Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
3
National Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology, Algiers, Algeria
4
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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weapon on a suspect, drones are proving an invaluable tool for law enforcement [1]. With real time overview, law enforcement forces on the ground can know: • how best to stay out of harm’s way, • and how best to reach their objective.
They can also use UAVs to collect evidence from different vantage points based on a communication architecture which details are addressed in [2]. UAVs are increasingly taking the place of humans in Search And Rescue (SAR) missions which are: • deemed too dangerous, • too tedious, • or too inefficient for strictly human labor.
It is the case of most critical emergency response tasks, especially SAR missions. UAVs are an increasingly desired tool to deal with SAR missions because
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