Elected and Non-elected Representative Claim-Makers in Indonesia
This chapter explores the place of Bali’s security organisations within the broader context of political representation in contemporary Indonesia. With a theoretical perspective that focuses on emerging practices and forms of discourse as representative c
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a n dr e w va n de n be rg n a z r i n a z u rya n i
Security, Democracy, and Society in Bali
Andrew Vandenberg · Nazrina Zuryani Editors
Security, Democracy, and Society in Bali Trouble with Protection
Editors Andrew Vandenberg Faculty of Arts and Education Deakin University Geelong, VIC, Australia
Nazrina Zuryani Faculty of Social and Political Science Udayana University Denpasar, Indonesia
ISBN 978-981-15-5847-4 ISBN 978-981-15-5848-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5848-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Foreword
The community organisations—organisasi masyarakat, known as ormas — are a complex problem in Indonesian society. Since the end of the Suharto regime and the decentralisation of public administration, local politics have become more important. This was an opportunity for the ormas, which are local security groups. They have many strong and fit young men as members working as security guards, bouncers, debt collectors, body guards, and prison guards. With so many members, they can help political parties to attract voters for legislative assembly elections and for directly elected mayors and provincial governors. In return, elected politicians help the security groups with work contracts and various jobs for their members in the public administration. The groups can then attract more members. This is not a matter of outright bribery but it is a form of money politics. The security organisations operate in a moral grey zone. They are not organised crime gangs but nor are
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