Electromagnetic Fields in Stratified Media

"Electromagnetic Fields in Stratified Media" deals with an important branch of electromagnetic theory, which has many useful applications in subsurface communication, radar, and geophysical prospecting and diagnostics. The book introduces to the electroma

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ADVANCED TOPICS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA Zhejiang University is one of the leading universities in China. In Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China, Zhejiang University Press and Springer jointly publish monographs by Chinese scholars and professors, as well as invited authors and editors from abroad who are outstanding experts and scholars in their fields. This series will be of interest to researchers, lecturers, and graduate students alike. Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China aims to present the latest and most cutting-edge theories, techniques, and methodologies in various research areas in China. It covers all disciplines in the fields of natural science and technology, including but not limited to, computer science, materials science, life sciences, engineering, environmental sciences, mathematics, and physics.

Kai Li

Electromagnetic Fields in Stratified Media With 100 figures

AUTHOR: Prof. Kai Li, The Electromagnetics Academy Zhejiang University Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China E-mail: [email protected]

ISBN 978-7-308-06401-9 Zhejiang University Press, Hangzhou ISBN 978-3-540-95963-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York e-ISBN 978-3-540-95964-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Series ISSN 1995-6819 Advanced topics in science and technology in China Series e-ISSN 1995-6827 Advanced topics in science and technology in China Library of Congress Control Number: 2009920460 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. c 2009 Zhejiang University Press, Hangzhou and Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin  Heidelberg Co-published by Zhejiang University Press, Hangzhou and SpringerVerlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Frido Steinen-Broo, EStudio Calamar, Spain Printed on acid-free paper

Preface

The properties of the electromagnetic field over the boundary between two different media like earth and air are much more complicated when the source is on or near the boundary than when it is far away and the incident waves are plane waves. This subject has been intensively investigated for over a century. In the pioneering works of Zenneck and Sommerfeld, analytical solutions are carried out based on a flat-Earth model. Wi