Electromigration-induced Pb and Sn whisker growth in SnPb solder stripes
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K.N. Tu Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1595 (Received 9 February 2008; accepted 16 April 2008)
Electromigration at 5 × 104 A/cm2 and 100 °C was conducted to grow composite Pb/Sn whiskers from SnPb solders, in which a Pb whisker grows first and then a whisker of Sn grows. In some cases, small Sn islands are embedded in Pb whiskers. The diameter of a composite whisker is 60 °C via electromigration. However, only hillocks existed at low current densities. A current density
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