Electrophysical Parameters of an Atmospheric-Pressure Gas Discharge over a Potassium Dichromate Solution
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Electrophysical Parameters of an Atmospheric-Pressure Gas Discharge over a Potassium Dichromate Solution A. V. Dunaeva,* and P. I. Karpukhinaa a Ivanovo
State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received February 5, 2019; revised April 29, 2019; accepted May 23, 2019
Abstract—The electrophysical parameters of an atmospheric-pressure discharge that provide stable discharge burning over potassium dichromate solution are determined. The cathode voltage falls, electric fields in the discharge plasma, and gas temperatures are determined, and the intensities of spectral lines and bands are measured. The obtained data are used to calculate the effective vibrational temperatures of different excited states. These data can further be used to develop approaches for theoretically describing the processes occurring in atmospheric-pressure discharges in air where the action of a glow discharge on a solution leads to the chemical activation of the solution and facilitates homogeneous and heterogeneous oxidation–reduction reactions, which have various technological applications, from nonchemical cleaning of water from organic and inorganic impurities to sterilization of solutions and medical materials. DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X19110035
1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, discharges in which low-conductivity liquids (water solutions, electrolytes, and technical and tap water) are used as one or both electrodes have attracted considerable interest. This interest is caused, on the one hand, by the ability of such discharges to generate nonequilibrium plasma with a high concentration of chemically active radicals at different pressures. Such plasmas have multiple applications in plasma chemistry. On the other hand, the fluxes of energy and active particles near the discharge electrodes can affect the state of the electrode liquid, activating various physical and chemical processes in it. A large number of recently published works devoted to different aspects of nonequilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasma created by gas discharges in aqueous solutions or over their surface demonstrate increasing interest of researchers in this area of plasma physics and plasma chemistry [1]. One of the reasons of this interest is the new possibilities of practical application of such discharges. The discharges of this type are currently used to solve a number of problems, from cleaning of flowing water [2] from stubborn organic impurities, which helps preserve ecology, to modification of polymers for medicine [3]. One of the promising applications of such discharges is the decomposition of organic impurities in sewage water. Plasma cleaning technology is one of the so-called advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which also include the processes utilizing UV radiation [4]. Industrial sewage water contains organic and inor-
ganic impurities. The main inorganic impurities are heavy metals, which in most cases can be removed by electroreduction. However, electroreduction does not work with di
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