Electrospun Microvasculature for Rapid Vascular Network Restoration
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Online ISSN 2212-5469
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Electrospun Microvasculature for Rapid Vascular Network Restoration Je-Hyun Han1 • Ung Hyun Ko1 • Hyo Jun Kim1 • Seunggyu Kim1 Jessie S. Jeon1 • Jennifer H. Shin1
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Received: 10 July 2020 / Revised: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 2 August 2020 Ó The Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society 2020
Abstract BACKGROUND: Sufficient blood supply through neo-vasculature is a major challenge in cell therapy and tissue engineering in order to support the growth, function, and viability of implanted cells. However, depending on the implant size and cell types, the natural process of angiogenesis may not provide enough blood supply for long term survival of the implants, requiring supplementary strategy to prevent local ischemia. Many researchers have reported the methodologies to form pre-vasculatures that mimic in vivo microvessels for implantation to promote angiogenesis. These approaches successfully showed significant enhancement in long-term survival and regenerative functions of implanted cells, yet there remains room for improvement. METHODS: This paper suggests a proof-of-concept strategy to utilize novel scaffolds of dimpled/hollow electrospun fibers that enable the formation of highly mature pre-vasculatures with adequate dimensions and fast degrading in the tissue. RESULT: Higher surface roughness improved the maturity of endothelial cells mediated by increased cell-scaffold affinity. The degradation of scaffold material for functional restoration of the neo-vasculatures was also expedited by employing the hollow scaffold design based on co-axial electrospinning techniques. CONCLUSION: This unique scaffold-based pre-vasculature can hold implanted cells and tissue constructs for a prolonged time while minimizing the cellular loss, manifesting as a gold standard design for transplantable scaffolds. Keywords Vascular tissue engineering Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) Electrospinning
1 Introduction Blood transports nutrition and oxygen in the vascular network throughout the entire body [1]. Therefore, continuous blood supply is essential for maintaining the viability and metabolism of functional tissues [2]. This physiological significance of blood circulation demonstrates why blood Je-Hyun Han and Ung Hyun Ko are co-first authors. & Jennifer H. Shin [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
vessel formation, called angiogenesis, is critical during the regeneration and restoration process. However, the natural angiogenesis is inherently limited by the rate at which new vessels are formed [3], and thus the damages that exceed the regenerative capacity of the natural tissue would result in ischemic necrosis/ulcer. Therefore, sufficient blood supply through neo-vasculature is the major challenge in regenerative medicine to support the growth, integration, function, and viability of grafted cells and tissues [4–7]. Re
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