Element transfer by a vapor-gas stream from sulfide mine tailings: from field and laboratory evidence to thermodynamic m
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Element transfer by a vapor-gas stream from sulfide mine tailings: from field and laboratory evidence to thermodynamic modeling Svetlana Borisovna Bortnikova 1 & Nataliya Victorovna Yurkevich 1 & Olga Lukinichna Gaskova 2 & Anna Yurevna Devyatova 1 & Irina Igorevna Novikova 3 & Sergei Sergeevich Volynkin 1 & Alexey Vladimirovich Mytsik 3 & Valentina Alexeevna Podolinnaya 1 Received: 17 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Condensates of vapor-gas streams were collected during field and laboratory experiments for the determination of the volatility of chemical elements in sulfide tailings under ambient conditions. The object of research was the Ursk waste heaps (Kemerovo region, Russia). Field experiments were performed on the top of the heap and in neighboring territories; the elements’ concentrations in condensates from the top exceed the background values in 2–3 orders of magnitude. To obtain condensates in the laboratory, the waste material was heated to 60 °С. Laboratory condensate–contended high concentrations Ca, Mg, but Fe, Cd, Mo, Sn, Zr, and W were lower by more than 2 orders of magnitude. Also, chemical elements such as Au, Zr, Cs, U, and Tl were determined in the laboratory condensates at elevated temperatures. Also, solid samples were leached with water at the laboratory. A high positive correlation of condensate compositions with compositions of water extracts obtained from parallel samples was established. The most mobile elements transferred in the steam-gas phase are alkaline (Li, Cs, Na, K), alkaline earth (Ca, Sr), chalcophile metals (Hg, Zn, Cu), and metalloids (As, Sb, Se). The numerical experiment of metal transfer forms using thermodynamic modeling methods has been performed, including those with organic ligands. Keywords Air pollution . Sulfide tailings . Vapor-gas phase . Water extracts . Element mobility . Thermodynamic modeling
Introduction Many studies have been devoted to air pollution from various anthropogenic sources and the negative effects of volatile technogenic substances on the human body. Nriagu and Pacyna (Nriagu 1979; Nriagu and Pacyna 1988) were the first to study the global emission of heavy metals from major Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Anna Yurevna Devyatova [email protected] 1
Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Koptug ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
2
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Koptug ave. 3, Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
3
Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene Rospotrebnadzor, Parkhomenko str.7, Novosibirsk, Russia 630108
anthropogenic sources into the atmosphere. According to their results, almost all human activity (industrial production, fuel combustion, transportation, etc.) led to anthropogenic emissions of various elements into the environment. The main contributions to the pollution of the air come from coal
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