Elution control of radioactive cesium in MSWI fly ash using water repellent treatment
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Elution control of radioactive cesium in MSWI fly ash using water repellent treatment Narihito Ogawa1 · Takahito Amano2 · Yuya Koike1 Received: 24 December 2019 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Radioactive cesium found in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash can be easily eluted through contact with environmentally sourced water, such as rainwater. Dissolution suppression treatment of radioactive cesium, such as through cement solidification or geopolymer solidification, has been previously studied. Treatment through solidification requires the addition of a fixation agent, which results in an increase in the volume of fly ash following solidification. It is likely that the level of security at the landfill site will be high. In an attempt to simply suppress the elution of water-soluble radioactive cesium from MSWI fly ash without an increase in volume, we examined a water-repellent treatment method using four types of water repellents. Our results indicate that when the incinerated fly ash is impregnated and mixed with a commercially available water repellent, such as a silane-based oligomer, an alkyl alkoxysilane compound, or a fatty acid, it is possible to suppress the elution of radioactive cesium without a corresponding increase in fly ash volume. Keywords Radioactive cesium · MSWI fly ash · Water repellent · Elution control
Introduction The total amount of household waste generated in Japan exceeds 40 million tons annually [1]. These wastes are incinerated to reduce mass and volume and to remove harmful components. Municipal waste incineration ash that is the end product of the incineration process is classified as either cinder, also called “bottom ash”, soot, or also called “fly ash.” Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash contains a large amount of low-boiling-point heavy metal compounds from the exhaust gas as compared to bottom ash [2]. These heavy metal compounds may be diffused into the environment via contact with environmental sources of water, such as rainwater, following landfill disposal [3–5]. For these reasons in combined with the revision of the “Wastes Disposal and Public Cleansing Act” of 1992 [6], fly ash generated * Narihito Ogawa [email protected] 1
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1‑1‑1 Higashimita, Tama‑ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214‑8571, Japan
Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1‑1‑1 Higashimita, Tama‑ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214‑8571, Japan
2
from municipal waste incineration has been designated as a specially managed general waste containing substance(s) with a potentially significant impact on the environment. In addition, contamination of urban refuse incineration fly ash by radioactive cesium has been confirmed following the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake [7]. According to a report by the Ministry of the Environme
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