Energy Dissipation in Gases and Liquids
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Michael Liberman
Introduction to Physics and Chemistry of Combustion Explosion, Flame, Detonation
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Michael Liberman Uppsala University Dept. Physics SE-751 21 Uppsala Sweden [email protected]
ISBN: 978-3-540-78758-7
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-78759-4
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-78759-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008926558 # 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Contents
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Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 The Entropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Work and Quantity of Heat: First Law of Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 The Free Energy and the Thermodynamic Potentials . . . . . . . . 1.6 The Enthalpy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 The Nernst’s Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 Carnot’s Cycle and Carnot’s Theorem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 Le Chatelier Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10 Dependence of the Thermodynamic Quantities on the Number of Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11 Ideal Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.12 Ideal Gases with Constant Specific Heat: Equation of Poisson Adiabatic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Chemical Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Introduction and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Properties of Substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Heats of Reactions and Formation . . . .
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