Energy of a shock wave generated in different metals under irradiation by a high-power laser pulse
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Energy of a Shock Wave Generated in Different Metals under Irradiation by a High-Power Laser Pulse S. Yu. Gus’kova, A. Kasperczukb, T. Pisarczykb, S. Borodziukb, J. Ullschmiedc, E. Krouskyd, K. Masekd, M. Pfeiferd, J. Skalad, and P. Pisarczyke a Lebedev
Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiœ pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia e-mail: [email protected] b Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Warsaw, 00-908 Poland c Kaliski Institute of Plasma Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 8, 18200 Czech Republic d Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 8, 18221 Czech Republic e Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, ICS 00-665 Poland Received March 7, 2007
Abstract—The energies of a shock wave generated in different metals under irradiation by a high-power laser beam were determined experimentally. The experiments were performed with the use of targets prepared from a number of metals, such as aluminum, copper, silver and lead (which belong to different periods of the periodic table) under irradiation by pulses of the first and third harmonics of the PALS iodine laser at a radiation intensity of approximately 1014 W/cm2. It was found that, for heavy metals, like for light solid materials, the fraction of laser radiation energy converted into the energy of a shock wave under irradiation by a laser pulse of the third harmonic considerably (by a factor of 2–3) exceeds the fraction of laser radiation energy converted under irradiation by a laser pulse of the first harmonic. The influence of radiation processes on the efficiency of conversion of the laser energy into the energy of the shock wave was analyzed. PACS numbers: 52.38.-r, 52.38.Mf, 62.50.+p DOI: 10.1134/S1063776107100147
1. INTRODUCTION This study continues a series of our investigations into the efficiency of conversion of the energy of a laser pulse into the energy of a shock wave generated in a solid material under irradiation of a target by an ionizing beam of the PALS iodine laser. The energy of a high-power laser pulse is transferred to a solid part of the target through ablation, which, in the general case, involves heating and evaporation of the material at the target boundary under the action of an external energy source, generation of the pressure in the evaporated part of the target (plasma torch), and, as a consequence, initiation of the hydrodynamic motion in the unevaporated part of the target. Investigation into the laser generation of shock waves is of particular interest not only for the physics of fundamental hydrodynamic phenomena occurring in solid materials under megabar pressures but also for practical applications associated primarily with the inertial thermonuclear fusion and material processing. For the scientific works performed in both of these fields, accurate knowledge of the characteristics of the laser pulse action on the target, such as the parameters of the pressure amplitude in the plasma torch and the shock wave i
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