Engineering Decisions for Life Quality How Safe is Safe Enough?

Engineering Decisions for Life Quality: How Safe is Safe Enough? provides a foundation and a theoretical basis for managing risk to an acceptable level under the real-world constraint of limited resources. The focus is not on risks as such, but on what ca

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Series Editor Professor Hoang Pham Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 96 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, NJ 08854-8018 USA

Other titles in this series The Universal Generating Function in Reliability Analysis and Optimization Gregory Levitin Warranty Management and Product Manufacture D.N.P. Murthy and Wallace R. Blischke Maintenance Theory of Reliability Toshio Nakagawa System Software Reliability Hoang Pham Reliability and Optimal Maintenance Hongzhou Wang and Hoang Pham

Complex System Maintenance Handbook D.N.P. Murthy and Khairy A.H. Kobbacy Recent Advances in Reliability and Quality in Design Hoang Pham Product Reliability D.N.P. Murthy, Marvin Rausand and Trond Østerås Mining Equipment Reliability, Maintainability, and Safety B.S. Dhillon

Applied Reliability and Quality B.S. Dhillon

Advanced Reliability Models and Maintenance Policies Toshio Nakagawa

Shock and Damage Models in Reliability Theory Toshio Nakagawa

Justifying the Dependability of Computerbased Systems Pierre-Jacques Courtois

Risk Management Terje Aven and Jan Erik Vinnem

Reliability and Risk Issues in Large Scale Safety-critical Digital Control Systems Poong Hyun Seong

Satisfying Safety Goals by Probabilistic Risk Assessment Hiromitsu Kumamoto Offshore Risk Assessment (2nd Edition) Jan Erik Vinnem The Maintenance Management Framework Adolfo Crespo Márquez Human Reliability and Error in Transportation Systems B.S. Dhillon

Failure Rate Modelling for Reliability and Risk Maxim Finkelstein Risks in Technological Systems Göran Grimvall, Åke Holmgren, Per Jacobsson and Torbjörn Thedéen

J.S. Nathwani • N.C. Lind • M.D. Pandey

Engineering Decisions for Life Quality How Safe is Safe Enough?

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J.S. Nathwani, PhD N.C. Lind, PhD M.D. Pandey, PhD Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

ISSN 1614-7839 ISBN 978-1-84882-601-4 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-602-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-602-1 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009931133 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefo