Enhanced mineralization of Reactive Black 5 by waste iron oxide via photo-Fenton process
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Enhanced mineralization of Reactive Black 5 by waste iron oxide via photo‑Fenton process Weihua Tan1 · Jia Ai1,2 · Yuanrou Fan1 · Xiang Liu1 · Yuncheng Xu1 · Hui Zhang1 · Yao‑Hui Huang2,3 Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Advanced oxidation process is a promising technology for the treatment of azo dye wastewater, owing to its high degradation performance and less secondary contamination. Herein, the mineralization of azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process was investigated in a three-phase fluidized bed reactor. The waste iron oxide (denoted as BT) obtained from tannery wastewater process with Fenton’s reagent was selected as a heterogeneous catalyst. The introduction of BT to the UV/H2O2 process (UV/H2O2/BT) shows obviously higher mineralization efficiency because ferric complexes of carboxylic acid, the degradation intermediates of RB5, could be readily decomposed by UV irradiation. The decolorization was achieved by homogenous photo-Fenton reaction induced by leached iron, while the mineralization was contributed to heterogeneous oxidation. Under the conditions of 254 nm UV irradiation, 19.00 mM H2O2, 2.0 g L–1 catalyst loading and natural pH0 of 5.0, 90.2% TOC removal of RB5 could be achieved. The catalyst indicated an acceptable stability and reusability after four cycles. The proposed heterogeneous photo-Fenton process with stable performance is environmental-friendly for the mineralization of RB5. Keywords Advanced oxidation process · Heterogeneous photo-Fenton · Hydroxyl radical · Mineralization · Reactive black 5
* Hui Zhang [email protected] * Yao‑Hui Huang [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
3
Sustainable Environmental Research Center, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
13
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W. Tan et al.
Introduction Azo dyes, which constitute a significant proportion of dye production in the world, have been identified as hazardous agents with potential genotoxicity and carcinogenicity [1]. Characterized by azo groups (–N=N–) [2], azo dyes are widely used in textile, printing and leather industries. Generally, these dyes have complex aromatic structures which are resistant to biodegradation [3]. The release of this type of industrial sewage is a troublesome problem to both aquatic life and human, mainly due to high color, organic loads and refractory of these effluents [4]. Therefore, effective and economical methods are needed for the treatment of dye industrial wastewater before its discharge [3]. Compared with the traditional dye wastewater treatment such as adsorption, coagulation and flocculation, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are preferable option, due to the advantages of high efficiency and less secondary pollution [5]. AOPs are characterized by the in-situ generation of powerful oxidizing species,
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