Enhanced osteogenesis properties of titanium implant materials by highly uniform mesoporous thin films of hydroxyapatite
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B I O M A T E R I A L S S Y N T H E S I S A N D CH A R A C T E R I Z A T I O N Original Research
Enhanced osteogenesis properties of titanium implant materials by highly uniform mesoporous thin films of hydroxyapatite and titania intermediate layer Fatemeh Jalali1 Hamid Oveisi ●
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Azadeh Meshkini3,4
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Received: 1 March 2020 / Revised: 22 July 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Titanium (Ti) has been widely used for medical and dental applications; however, bare Ti cannot be properly connected to a living bone, and hence some modifications are needed for this purpose. The present study describes the synthesis of mesoporous hydroxyapatite thin films (MHF) on titanium implant materials for speeding up and shortening the processes of osteointegration. The uniform MHF was coated on a Ti substrate following the insertion of intermediate titania (TiO2) film via the sol–gel dip-coating method. The intermediate titania layer improved the bonding strength between the MHF and Ti substrate. MHFs were synthesized using a precursor solution containing phosphoric acid, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, and a nonionic surfactant (C12E10) as the phosphate source, calcium source, and structure-directing agent, respectively. The effect of calcination temperature on phase composition, morphology, microstructure, roughness, and wettability of the MHFs was investigated using XRD, FE-SEM, COM, AFM, and contact angle measurement. The XRD results revealed the crystalline hydroxyapatite phase, which was improved with an increase in the calcination temperature. Moreover, the FE-SEM images showed the crack-free MHFs, uniform thickness of the layer, and mesoporous surface morphology. In addition, it was found that the roughness and wettability of the samples change upon the alteration of calcination temperature. The biological studies demonstrated that MHFs support the adhesion and proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and guid them toward osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the MHFs prepared in this study may be useful in a wide range of applications, particularly in bone regeneration medicine. Graphical Abstract
Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06450-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hamid Oveisi [email protected]
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Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
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Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
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The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
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Nanotechnology Research Center, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
114 Page 2 of 15
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (2020)31:114
1 Introduction Recently, mesoporous materials have attracted particular attention owing to their high surface a
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