Enhanced performance of dye-sensitized solar cell with thermally stable natural dye-assisted TiO 2 /MnO 2 bilayer-assemb
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(2020) 9:25
ORIGINAL PAPER
Enhanced performance of dye‑sensitized solar cell with thermally stable natural dye‑assisted TiO2/MnO2 bilayer‑assembled photoanode Shyamal Datta1 · Argha Dey1 · Nayan Ranjan Singha2 · Subhasis Roy1 Received: 27 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract This study reports the performance analysis of an organic dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), introducing M nO2 as an electron transport layer in T iO2/MnO2 bilayer assembly. The DSSCs have been fabricated using T iO2 and T iO2/MnO2 layer-by-layer architecture films onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass and sensitized with natural dye extracted from Malvaviscus penduliflorus flower in ethanol medium. The counter electrode was prepared to layer copper powder containing paste onto FTO’s conductive side by the doctor’s blade method. The optical, morphological, and structural properties of photoanodes were explored via ultraviolet–visible, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Moreover, dye complexity and thermostability of dyes were characterized via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. The iodide/triiodide (i.e., I−/I3−) redox couple of electrolyte solution was employed as a charge transport medium between the electrodes. Finally, photoanode and counter electrode sandwiches were assembled to envisage the photovoltaic performance potential under simulated AM 1.5G solar illumination using 100 mW c m–2 light intensity. The as-fabricated DSSC comprising TiO2/MnO2 bilayer assembly exhibited 6.02 mA cm–2 short circuit current density (Jsc), 0.38 V open-circuit voltage (Voc), 40.38% fill factor, and 0.92% conversion efficiency, which is about 200% higher compared to the assembly devoid of MnO2 layer. Keywords Low cost dye-sensitized solar cells · Organic dye · Bilayer structure · Dye stability analysis
Introduction Nowadays, clean, near-zero-emission and sustainable renewable energy production are vital concerns for policymakers worldwide. The energy consumption demand is expected to be doubled in 2050 [1, 2]. Notably, a significant percentage of energy demand is backed by fossil fuel-based resources, implying an adverse impact on global warming, environment, and ecosystem. For circumventing the problems related to the limited amount of fossil fuel and adverse
* Subhasis Roy [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
2
environmental concerns, present researchers are focused on renewable energy sources, i.e., solar energy, which is abundant and cost-effective. Of variable third-generation solar cells, DSSC is low cost and easy to fabricate. The DSSC module work
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