Enhanced photocatalytic activity of titania coatings fabricated at relatively low oxidation temperature with sulfate-aci
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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of titania coatings fabricated at relatively low oxidation temperature with sulfate‑acid‑bath pretreatment Sujun Guan1 · Liang Hao2 · Shota Kasuga3 · Hiroyuki Yoshida4 · Yanling Cheng5 · Yun Lu3 Received: 12 March 2020 / Accepted: 29 April 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract With the purpose of enhancing the photocatalytic activity of titania ( TiO2) coatings with low cost, a method of sulfuric-acidbath pretreatment followed by simple oxidation in air has been proposed to fabricate T iO2 coatings. The effect of oxidation temperature on the crystal structure, surface morphologies and photocatalytic activity of T iO2 coatings was investigated, to figure out the suitable oxidation temperature. XRD and Raman’s results show that the phase transformation of T iO2 starts at 773 K. The surface morphologies of T iO2 coatings clearly show the porous-like structure at lower than 873 K. With raising the temperature, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coatings firstly increases, then decreases, and reaches the highest at relatively low oxidation temperature of 773 K. Keywords TiO2 coatings · Sulfuric-acid-bath pretreatment · Low temperature · Phase transformation · Photocatalytic activity
1 Introduction TiO2-based photocatalyst has been intensively used as the decomposition of contaminates from water and air environment, hydrogen generation, and production of carbonaceous solar fuels due to its photocatalytic activity, excellent Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03597-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yun Lu [email protected]‑u.jp 1
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, 1‑3, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku‑ku, Tokyo 162‑8601, Japan
2
College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 1038, Dagu Nanlu, Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, People’s Republic of China
3
Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1‑33, Yayoi‑cho, Inage‑ku, Chiba 263‑8522, Japan
4
Chiba Industrial Technology Research Institute, 6‑13‑1, Tendai, Inage‑ku, Chiba 263‑0016, Japan
5
Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomass Waste Resource Utilization, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Fatouxili 3 Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100023, People’s Republic of China
stability, and eco-friendly nature [1–3]. It is well known that TiO2 absorbs enough energy from light, which would be accompanied by electron–hole pairs generation and the production of hydroxyl radicals through the reaction between the hole and hydroxyl groups from pollutants or adsorbed H2O molecules. Therefore, besides the energy absorption and recombination of electron–hole pairs, the surface morphology of TiO2 and its hydroxyl group density also play a significant role in the photocatalytic processes of decomposition of contaminates [4–6]. Considerable research has been dedicated to enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2, focusing on nar
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