Enhancing the Spectrum Sensing Performance of Cluster-Based Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks via Sequential Multiple
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Enhancing the Spectrum Sensing Performance of Cluster‑Based Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks via Sequential Multiple Reporting Channels Mohammad Amzad Hossain1,2 · Michael Schukat1 · Enda Barrett1 Accepted: 2 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In cluster-based cooperative cognitive radio networks (CCRNs), spectrum sensing and decision making processes to determine whether the primary user (PU) signal is present or absent in the network are very important and vital issues to the utilisation of the idle spectrum. The reporting time delay is a very important matter to make quick and effective global decisions for the fusion center (FC) in a cluster-based CCRNs. In this paper, we propose the concept of multiple reporting channels (MRC) for cluster-based CCRNs to better utilize the reporting time slot by extending the sensing time of secondary users (SUs). A multiple reporting channels concept is proposed based on frequency division multiple access to enhance the spectrum sensing performance and reduce the reporting time delay of all cluster heads (CHs). In this approach, we assign an individual reporting channel to each cluster for reporting purposes. All the SUs in each cluster sequentially pass their sensing results to the corresponding cluster head (CH) via the assigned single reporting channel, which extends the sensing time duration of SUs. Each CH uses the dedicated reporting channel to forward the cluster decision to the FC that makes a final decision by using the “K-out-of-N” rule to identify the presence of the PU signal. This approach significantly enhances the sensing time for all SUs than the non-sequential as well as minimize the reporting time delay of all CHs than sequential single channel reporting approach. These two features of our proposed approach increase the decision accuracy of the FC more than the conventional approach. Simulation results prove that our proposed approach significantly enhances the sensing accuracy and mitigate the reporting time delay of CH compared to the conventional approach. Keywords Cognitive radio · Sequential approach · Multiple reporting channels · Spectrum sensing · Fusion center
* Mohammad Amzad Hossain [email protected] 1
School of Computer Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91TK33, Ireland
2
Dept. of Information and Communication Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
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1 Introduction Cognitive radio (CR) is a revolutionary wireless communication technology to enhance the spectrum utilization by allowing an unlicensed device - also known as secondary user (SU) - to access the vacant licensed bands otherwise used by primary users (PUs), without interfering with the PUs [1, 2]. Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) offers higher bandwidth for 5G networks by identifying when the spectrum is idle [3]. Spectrum sensing is a fundamental and important key function in cluster-based CCRNs that
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